Managing ART and Solution Train Backlogs

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Questions and Answers

What is a key activity during the analyzing stage of epics?

  • Conduct user acceptance testing for features
  • Determine the sales forecast of the product
  • Refine size estimates and WSJF relative to other epics (correct)
  • Finalize the product marketing strategy

What is the purpose of Minimum Marketable Features (MMF) in the analysis phase?

  • To reduce the costs associated with product development
  • To enhance the marketing campaigns for future products
  • To increase market demand for a new product
  • To identify the essential features needed for market release (correct)

Which of the following best describes the role of Epic Owners?

  • To oversee the marketing efforts for the product line
  • To review financial budgets for the project
  • To help define, explore, and implement epics (correct)
  • To conduct user training and support

How should capacity allocation be managed according to the content?

<p>It should be reviewed and adjusted periodically during backlog refinement (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is WSJF in the context of prioritizing work?

<p>Weighted Shortest Job First (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the objectives of continuous investment in enablers?

<p>To ensure technology obsolescence is avoided (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase might Product and Solution Management work with Architects?

<p>To apply capacity allocation decisions for upcoming work (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should happen after approved epics are split into features?

<p>They are moved to the ART or Solution Train Kanban funnel for prioritization based on WSJF (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of Product Management regarding the ART Backlog?

<p>To develop and maintain the backlog (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of system is the ART Backlog based on?

<p>Kanban system (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Nonfunctional Requirements (NFRs) in the context of the ART Backlog?

<p>They are constraints that affect the solution’s design and performance. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for the Solution Train Backlog?

<p>Solution Management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which input source is NOT mentioned as contributing to the ART and Solution Train backlogs?

<p>End-user feedback (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary goal of managing the ART Backlog?

<p>To ensure continuous flow of value to customers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach do Product and Solution Management take to refine their backlogs?

<p>Continuous, flow-based approach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way are Nonfunctional Requirements (NFRs) typically documented?

<p>In acceptance criteria or as part of the definition of done (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key activities involved in refining backlogs for PI Planning?

<p>Discovering new features and capabilities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique helps clarify features and capabilities during backlog refinement?

<p>Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Funnel' state in the ART Kanban system primarily capture?

<p>All big ideas to be explored (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state follows after analyzing new ideas in the ART Kanban flow?

<p>Ready (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key process occurs during the PO Sync in backlog management?

<p>Identifying new backlog items and revising existing ones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which state are features integrated and tested in a staging environment?

<p>Validating On Staging (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What purpose does the ART and Solution Train Kanban system serve?

<p>To facilitate the flow of features and capabilities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a 'Done' status for a feature in the backlog management process?

<p>The feature has been released and evaluated (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is considered a prerequisite for successful PI Planning?

<p>A well-maintained backlog (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action is taken during the Reviewing state of the Epic Kanban?

<p>The epics are prioritized for exploration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option defines the primary focus of the 'Validating On Staging' state?

<p>Testing features before deployment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of financial approvals in managing ART and Solution Train initiatives?

<p>They safeguard against budget overruns (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are epics that exceed the portfolio threshold typically handled?

<p>They need to move to the Portfolio Kanban for review (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

ART Backlog

A Kanban system used to organize and manage features and enablers for a solution.

Solution Train Backlog

A backlog that defines the features, capabilities, and non-functional requirements (NFRs) for the entire solution.

Portfolio Epics

Features or capabilities that are derived from the Portfolio Epics and are prioritized for development.

Solution Train's Local Context

Features or capabilities defined specifically for the Solution Train's unique needs.

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ART's Local Context

Features or capabilities defined specifically for the Agile Release Train's needs.

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Nonfunctional Requirements (NFRs)

Constraints or limitations that impact the design and performance of the solution.

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Building and refining the Backlog

The process of refining the ART and Solution Train backlogs to ensure features and capabilities are ready for implementation.

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Prioritize the ART Backlog

Product and Solution Management teams work together to prioritize the ART and Solution Train backlogs.

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Analyzing State

The phase in Agile where Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and stakeholders perform detailed analysis of epics. This includes refining size estimates, exploring solution alternatives, identifying Minimum Marketable Features (MMF) or Minimum Viable Products (MVPs), and forecasting costs.

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Weighted Shortest Job First (WSJF)

A method of prioritizing work items based on their value, effort, and risk. It helps teams focus on the most important and impactful work by considering the business value, the time it takes to complete, and the uncertainty associated with it.

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Minimum Marketable Feature (MMF)

A Minimum Marketable Feature (MMF) is the smallest, independent piece of functionality that can be delivered to customers and provide value. An MMF can be used to test customer interest and gather feedback.

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Minimum Viable Product (MVP)

A Minimum Viable Product (MVP) is the simplest version of a product that can be released to gather user feedback and validate the product/service idea. It is often used to quickly test hypotheses and learn about user needs.

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Capacity Allocation

The process of allocating capacity for different types of work within a team or organization. This includes balancing the delivery of business features with necessary investments in enablers like infrastructure, technology, and architectural improvements.

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Enablers

Tasks that support the overall architecture and infrastructure of a system. They involve activities like updating dependencies, improving technical infrastructure, or resolving technical debt. These tasks often do not directly deliver business features but are essential for the long-term health of a system.

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Program Increment (PI)

The period of time during which a team plans and executes work. Usually, it's a fixed length of time, like 8 weeks.

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Backlog Refinement

The process of regularly reviewing and adjusting capacity allocation and backlog priorities to ensure alignment with changing business needs and priorities.

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Ready State (ART/Solution Train Kanban)

A prioritized list of Features and Capabilities that are ready for implementation.

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Implementing State (ART/Solution Train Kanban)

A step in the Kanban flow where features are implemented throughout the PI by the Agile Teams.

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Validating on Staging (ART/Solution Train Kanban)

A state where features are integrated and tested in a staging environment, ensuring they work well with the rest of the system.

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Ready Buffer (Validating on Staging)

Features that are approved and ready for immediate deployment.

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Deploying to Production (ART/Solution Train Kanban)

A state where features are moved into production, either through automated Continuous Delivery or manual deployment.

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Ready Buffer (Deploying to Production)

A buffer in the Deploying to Production state where features are awaiting release.

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Releasing (ART/Solution Train Kanban)

Features are released to customers to evaluate their benefit hypothesis.

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Done (ART/Solution Train Kanban)

A state where features have been released and evaluated, and their feedback is assessed.

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ART or Solution Train Epics

Initiatives that are too large to be completed in a single PI, typically tracked in a separate Kanban system.

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ART or Solution Train Epic Kanban

A Kanban system used to analyze and approve ART or Solution Train epics, splitting them into features or capabilities for implementation.

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Funnel (ART or Solution Train Epic Kanban)

A state where big ideas or initiatives are initially captured, typically as Features or Capabilities.

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Reviewing (ART or Solution Train Epic Kanban)

Initial assessment of epics by Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and stakeholders, prioritized using WSJF.

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Reviewing (ART or Solution Train Epic Kanban)

A state where epics are analyzed and prioritized using WSJF and other criteria to determine if they should proceed to further exploration.

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Study Notes

ART and Solution Train Backlogs

  • The ART Backlog is a Kanban system for managing features and enablers to improve a solution.
  • Solution Train Backlog also captures features, capabilities, and Nonfunctional Requirements (NFRs).
  • Product Management is responsible for the ART Backlog, while Solution Management handles the Solution Train Backlog.
  • Both are managed using Kanban to ensure ongoing value for customers.
  • Backlogs are developed and maintained by Product and Solution Management, collaborating with stakeholders like customers, business owners, and architects.

Prioritizing Backlogs

  • Refinement involves discovering new features/capabilities, reviewing backlog items, identifying enablers, using BDD or workshops to clarify, and prioritizing with Weighted Shortest Job First (WSJF).
  • WSJF prioritization is collaborative, involving Business Owners, System Architects, POs, and stakeholders.
  • Backlog refinement often happens during PO Sync meetings.
  • Aging or irrelevant items are removed.

Kanban System Details

  • The Kanban system facilitates the flow of features through the Continuous Delivery Pipeline.
  • Typical states include Funnel, Analyzing, Ready, Implementing, Validating (on Staging), Deploying (to Production), Releasing, and Done.
  • WIP (Work In Progress) limits apply to different states (e.g., Analyzing).
  • Validating and Deploying have 'In Progress' and 'Ready' sub-states.

ART and Solution Train Epics

  • Large initiatives that span multiple PI's are managed in a separate Epic Kanban system.
  • Epics are analyzed, size estimates and WSJF are refined, solution alternatives are considered.
  • They are split into features or capabilities and moved to the ART or Solution Train Kanban system.
  • There is also a portfolio epic threshold set by Lean Portfolio Management (LPM), requiring review and approval.

Balancing Value and Capacity

  • Trains need to balance backlog with enabler investment to avoid velocity reduction and technology obsolescence.
  • Enablers support future PI's.
  • Capacity allocation (by ART) for activities (e.g., features, enablers) can be reviewed and adjusted.

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