Managerial Grid

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Questions and Answers

What are the two dimensions used to appraise leadership styles in the Managerial Grid?

Group performance and leader's influence

Leadership style and situation control

Concern for people and concern for production (correct)

Task management and country club management

How many categories of managerial styles are identified in the Managerial Grid?

5 (correct)

What is the main proposition of the Fiedler Model?

The situation is the only factor that affects group performance

Leaders can adapt their style to fit different situations

Leadership style is the only factor that affects group performance

Effective group performance depends on the leader's style matching the situation (correct)

What is an assumption of the Fiedler Model?

Leaders do not readily change their leadership style Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the Fiedler Model?

The leader is matched to the situation or the situation is changed to make it favourable to the leader Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Managerial Grid?

Concern for people and concern for production Signup and view all the answers

What is determined by the least-preferred co-worker (LPC) questionnaire?

Leadership style Signup and view all the answers

What is the main argument of Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Theory?

Successful leadership is achieved by selecting the right leadership style contingent on the level of followers' readiness Signup and view all the answers

What is a high score on the LPC questionnaire indicative of?

A relationship-oriented leadership style Signup and view all the answers

According to Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Theory, what should leaders do as followers become more competent?

Relinquish control over and contact with followers Signup and view all the answers

What is 'acceptance' in the context of Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Theory?

Whether followers accept or reject a leader Signup and view all the answers

What are the three situational factors in matching a leader to a situation, according to contingency theories of leadership?

Leader-member relations, task structure, and position power Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of transactional leaders?

To clarify role and task requirements Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of charismatic leaders?

Exhibiting behaviours that are out of the ordinary Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of a visionary leader?

To create and articulate a realistic vision of the future Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following leadership styles is most focused on inspiring followers to work towards the good of the organization?

Transformational leadership Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a charismatic leader's vision?

It is articulated clearly Signup and view all the answers

Which leadership style is most focused on clarifying role and task requirements?

Transactional leadership Signup and view all the answers

What is the assessment of a leader's honesty, competence, and ability to inspire by their followers?

Credibility Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of empowering employees in an organization?

Faster decisions and quicker responses to problems Signup and view all the answers

What is a universal element of effective leadership?

Positiveness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of a leader according to the Path-Goal Model?

To provide direction and support to followers Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of leadership style that women tend to adopt?

Democratic or participative style Signup and view all the answers

What is a dimension of trust?

Competence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following leadership styles is characterized by high task-low relationship leadership?

Telling Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the Situational Leadership Theory (SLT)?

Follower's readiness levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increasing trust in an organization?

Increased organizational commitment Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following leadership styles is characterized by low task-low relationship leadership?

Delegating Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of empowering employees?

To relieve managers of their workload Signup and view all the answers

What type of leadership do men tend to use?

Transactional leadership Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the Directive leader and the Supportive leader in the Path-Goal Model?

The level of task orientation Signup and view all the answers

According to the Situational Leadership Theory (SLT), what is the characteristic of followers in the R1 stage?

They are unable and unwilling Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of the Situational Leadership Theory (SLT)?

It offers a flexible approach to leadership that adapts to different situations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following leadership styles is characterized by high task-high relationship leadership?

Selling Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Managerial Grid

Appraises leadership styles using two dimensions: concern for people and concern for production
Places managerial styles in five categories: impoverished management, task management, middle-of-the-road management, country club management, and team management

The Fiedler Model

Proposes that effective group performance depends on the proper match between the leader's style and the situation
Assumes that leaders do not readily change their leadership styles, and matching the leader to the situation or changing the situation is required
Uses the Least-Preferred Co-worker (LPC) questionnaire to determine leadership style, measuring responses to 18 pairs of contrasting adjectives
High score: relationship-oriented leadership style, Low score: task-oriented leadership style
Situational factors in matching leader to situation: leader-member relations, task structure, and position power

Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Theory (SLT)

Argues that successful leadership is achieved by selecting the right leadership style contingent on the level of followers' readiness
Acceptance: leadership effectiveness depends on whether followers accept or reject a leader
Readiness: the extent to which followers have the ability and willingness to accomplish a specific task
Leaders must relinquish control over and contact with followers as they become more competent
Creates four specific leadership styles incorporating Fiedler's two leadership dimensions:
- Telling: high task-low relationship leadership
- Selling: high task-high relationship leadership
- Participating: low task-high relationship leadership
- Delegating: low task-low relationship leadership
Four stages of follower readiness:
- R1: followers are unable and unwilling
- R2: followers are unable but willing
- R3: followers are able but unwilling
- R4: followers are able and willing

Path-Goal Model

States that the leader's job is to assist followers in attaining their goals and to provide direction or support to ensure that their goals are compatible with those of the organization
Depending on the situation, leaders assume different leadership styles at different times:
- Directive leader
- Supportive leader
- Participative leader
- Achievement-oriented leader

Contemporary Views of Leadership

Transactional Leadership: leaders guide or motivate followers to achieve established goals by clarifying role and task requirements
Transformational Leadership: leaders inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization by clarifying role and task requirements
Charismatic Leadership: an enthusiastic, self-confident leader whose personality and actions influence people to behave in certain ways, having a vision, articulating the vision, taking risks, being sensitive to the environment and follower needs, and exhibiting behaviors that are out of the ordinary
Visionary Leadership: a leader who creates and articulates a realistic, credible, and attractive vision of the future that improves upon the present situation

Developing Trust

Credibility: the assessment of a leader's honesty, competence, and ability to inspire by their followers
Trust: the belief of followers (and others) in the integrity, character, and ability of a leader
Dimensions of trust: integrity, competence, consistency, loyalty, and openness
Related to increases in job performance, organizational citizenship behaviors, job satisfaction, and organization commitment

Empowering Employees

Empowerment: increasing the decision-making discretion of workers such that teams can make key operating decisions
Why empower employees: quicker responses to problems, faster decisions, and addressing the problem of increased spans of control in relieving managers to address other problems

Cross-Cultural Leadership

Universal Elements of Effective Leadership:
- Vision
- Foresight
- Providing encouragement
- Trustworthiness
- Dynamism
- Positiveness
- Proactiveness

Gender Differences and Leadership

Research findings: males and females use different styles:
- Women tend to adopt a more democratic or participative style unless in a male-dominated job
- Women tend to use transformational leadership
- Men tend to use transactional leadership

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Description

This quiz assesses leadership styles using the Managerial Grid, which categorizes styles into five categories based on concern for people and production.