Management Science Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary foundation of Management Science?

  • Scientific method and quantitative analysis (correct)
  • Historical data review
  • Intuitive decision making
  • Qualitative analysis

Who is recognized as the father of scientific management?

  • Peter Drucker
  • Henri Fayol
  • Frederic W. Taylor (correct)
  • George Dantzig

Which of the following is NOT one of Taylor's principles of management?

  • Delegation of tasks (correct)
  • Standardization
  • Monitoring
  • Co-working

What is the first step of the problem-solving process?

<p>Identifying and defining the problem (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of decision making, what does choosing an alternative signify?

<p>Finalizing the decision (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What method is George Dantzig known for developing?

<p>Simplex method for linear programming (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes problem solving?

<p>A process of identifying and resolving discrepancies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the last step in the problem-solving process?

<p>Evaluating results (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

What is Management Science?

  • Management Science uses the scientific method for effective decision-making and relies heavily on quantitative analysis.
  • It is a collaborative problem-solving process where an interdisciplinary team creates models to represent simple and complex functional relationships, aiding management decisions.
  • Terms often associated with Management Science include Operational Science and Decision Science.

Historical Context and Key Contributors

  • The scientific management revolution began in the early 1900s with Frederic W. Taylor, known as the father of scientific management.
  • Taylor established foundational principles for quantitative methods in management: research, standardization, monitoring, and co-working.
  • He introduced the Rational Goal Model, emphasizing efficiency and goal-setting in management.
  • The modern era of Management Science research emerged during World War II, marked by significant contributions from George Dantzig.
  • Dantzig created the "simplex method," a core technique for solving linear programming problems, distinct from computer programming.

Problem Solving and Decision Making

  • Problem solving is defined as the process of identifying the gap between the current state and the desired state, followed by actions to bridge that gap.
  • The typical steps involved in problem-solving:
    • Identify and define the problem.
    • Determine alternative solutions.
    • Establish criteria for evaluating alternatives.
    • Evaluate these alternatives.
    • Choose a suitable alternative.
    • Implement the selected alternative.
    • Assess results to ensure a satisfactory solution has been achieved.
  • Decision making primarily encompasses the identification of a problem and culminates in selecting an alternative, which constitutes the actual decision-making act.
  • Example: When faced with job offers in different locations (Cebu, Davao, Manila, Cagayan de Oro), alternatives for decision-making can be structured based on location preferences.
  • The next phase involves determining the evaluation criteria for these options, which is essential for informed decision-making.

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