Management of Women's Health Issues
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Questions and Answers

What is the most reliable indicator of ovarian function in pre-menopausal women?

  • Measuring inhibin secretion levels
  • A careful menstrual history (correct)
  • Measuring gonadotrophins and oestrogen levels
  • Measuring plasma progesterone levels during the luteal phase
  • What is the average age of menopause in high-income countries?

  • 45 years
  • 55 years
  • 50 years (correct)
  • 60 years
  • What is the term for the 5-year period preceding menopause, characterized by a gradual increase in anovulatory cycles?

  • Perimenopause
  • Climacteric (correct)
  • Oestrogen deficiency
  • Menopause
  • What happens to oestrogen and inhibin secretion during the climacteric?

    <p>They decrease gradually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical result of negative feedback on pituitary secretion of LH and FSH during the climacteric?

    <p>Levels increase above 30 IU/L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical age range for continues HRT in patients with premature menopause?

    <p>Up to 50 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common symptom of oestrogen deficiency in women?

    <p>Loss of libido</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of both hypo- and hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism?

    <p>Decreased frequency of shaving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of mild hypogonadism in older men?

    <p>Central adiposity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical investigation to confirm male hypogonadism?

    <p>Demonstrating a low fasting 0900-hr serum testosterone level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is testosterone measurement increasingly trending in older men?

    <p>As part of an assessment of erectile dysfunction and lack of libido</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended management approach for women with functional amenorrhoea due to excessive exercise and low weight?

    <p>Reduce exercise and regain some weight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In women who have had a hysterectomy, what type of hormone therapy is typically recommended?

    <p>Oestrogen alone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk associated with unopposed oestrogen therapy in women with a uterus?

    <p>Increased risk of endometrial cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone therapy regimen involves giving oestrogen on days 1–21 and progestogen on days 14–21 of the cycle?

    <p>Cyclical HRT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some of the concerns regarding high-dose oral or transdermal hormone replacement therapy (HRT)?

    <p>Fluid retention, weight gain, hypertension, and thrombosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the known benefits of Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) in post-menopausal women?

    <p>Relieve menopausal symptoms and prevent osteoporotic fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

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