Management of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding Quiz

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What is the next step of action following a diagnosis of haemocardia?

Order a CT scan of the chest
Initiate antiplatelet therapy
Perform pericardiocentesis immediately (correct)
Administer IV antibiotics

In obstructive jaundice and cholangitis, what are the typical liver function test (LFT) abnormalities seen?

Raised WCC, CRP/ESR, mildly raised AST and ALT, and lipase only
Normal LFT values
Raised ALP, gGT, total bilirubin, and conjugated bilirubin (correct)
Raised ALP and gGT only

What is a conservative approach to treat anal fissures?

Perform surgical excision
Prescribe oral steroids
Administer antibiotics
Increase fibre and water intake, and take warm baths (correct)

What is the medical treatment approach for gastritis?

Eradication therapy and discontinuation of NSAIDs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic finding in a radioisotope scan for medullary thyroid carcinoma?

Cold spot (A) Signup and view all the answers

What result from fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) indicates an insufficient sample for diagnosis?

BETHESDA 1 (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary benefit of using an NGT in a distressed patient with suspected bleeding?

To identify continued bleeding and perform gastric lavage (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential disadvantage associated with using an NGT in a distressed patient?

Causing aspiration (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which intervention is typically performed if endoscopic management fails and surgery is deemed necessary?

Vagotomy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of initiating oral intake of fluids 6 hours after endoscopic hemostasis?

To prevent clot lysis (B) Signup and view all the answers

In what situation would a Billroth I surgery be considered for a patient with bleeding ulcers?

When there is excessive hemorrhage (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended follow-up period for observing high-risk patients for rebleeding after initial treatment?

72 hours (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate management for gastric outlet obstruction in small bowel?

Initiating aggressive early fluid resuscitation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for hyperkalemia presenting as peaked T-waves?

Administer insulin and calcium gluconate (C) Signup and view all the answers

For colorectal cancer, what imaging modality is considered the gold standard for staging?

CT scan (B) Signup and view all the answers

When should the children of a patient with colorectal cancer start being screened?

10 years before the onset of the patient's disease (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does a CT scan showing liver metastases in colorectal cancer indicate?

Consultation with an HPB surgeon for resectability assessment (B) Signup and view all the answers

What test is recommended for diagnosing pheochromocytoma?

Urine metanephrines (24-hour collection) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of erythema ab igne, a condition associated with pancreatic pain?

Burn marks on the skin (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging technique is limited in diagnosing pancreatic conditions but plays a therapeutic role?

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (D) Signup and view all the answers

In pancreatitis, what laboratory test may show variable levels due to pancreatic destruction?

Amylase/lipase levels (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical procedure is performed when drainage of the pancreatic head is necessary due to an associated inflammatory mass?

Distal pancreatectomy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common method for pain control in pancreatitis that involves using high-dose pancreatic enzymes?

Percutaneous coeliac plexus block (B) Signup and view all the answers

What causes steatorrhea in patients with pancreatitis?

Pancreatic insufficiency (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of strangulated hernias?

Presence of pyrexia and elevated white cell count (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hernia repair is preferred for primary bilateral inguinal hernia in females with a risk of chronic pain?

TEP (total extraperitoneal) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common cause of post-hepatic portal hypertension?

Right sided heart failure (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of acute pancreatitis, what is a common investigation used to identify the condition?

Serum lipase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for breast cancer in a male patient with stage 2 disease?

Mastectomy (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can be a complication of cirrhosis that leads to narrowing of veins within the liver?

Acute alcoholic liver disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

Haemocardia follow-up

Perform pericardiocentesis immediately after diagnosis.

Liver function tests in jaundice

Obstructive jaundice shows raised ALP, gGT, total & conjugated bilirubin.