Management of Threatened Miscarriage Quiz

Ultrasonography shows a living ______. Prognosis - if the blood loss is less than a normal menstrual flow and is not accompanied by pain of uterine contraction, there is a reasonable chance for continuing pregnancy.

This occurs in 50% of cases while the other half will proceed to inevitable or ______ abortion.

Treatment: Rest in bed until one week after stoppage of ______.

Vaginal bleeding is excessive and may accompanied with ______.

Rupture of membranes between 12-20 weeks is a sign of the inevitability of ______.

Incomplete abortion - Retention of a part of the products of conception inside the ______.

If the uterine size is less than 12 weeks gestation, __________ or suction evacuation is done

Microbiology: E.coli, bacteroids, anaerobic streptococci, clostridia, streptococci, and staphylococci are among the most causative organisms in __________ abortion

Clinical picture General examination: Pyrexia and tachycardia. Rigors suggest __________

Malaise, sweating, headache, and joint pain are signs of __________ abortion

Abdominal examination: Suprapubis pain and tenderness. Abdominal rigidity and distention indicate __________

Local examination: Offensive vaginal discharge is a sign of __________ abortion

Minimal inoffensive vaginal discharge is often associated with severe cases. Uterus is tender. Products of conception may be felt. Local trauma may be felt. Fullness and tenderness of Douglas pouch indicates pelvic abscess which will be associated with diarrhea. Treatment Isolate the patient. Bed rest in a semi-sitting position. An intravenous line is established for therapy. Observation for vital signs. A cervico-vaginal swab is taken for culture and sensitivity. Antibiotic therapy. Fluid therapy. Oxytocin infusion to control bleeding and enhances expulsion of the retained products. Surgical evacuation of the uterus can be done after 6 hours of commencing IV therapy but may be earlier in case of severe bleeding or deteriorating condition in spite of the previous therapy. Hysterectomy may be the last choice to save life. Other types of abortion: Therapeutic abortion. Abortion induced for a medical condition. Criminal abortion. Illegal abortion induced for a non-medical indication. Recurrent (Habitual) abortion. Three (two by some authors) or more consecutive abortions.

Ⅱ. Ectopic Pregnancy - Ectopic means 'out of place'. In an ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus. The egg settles in the fallopian tubes in more than 95% of ectopic pregnancies. This is why ectopic pregnancies are more commonly called 'tubal pregnancies'. Causes 1. Mechanical factor - abnormalities in the fallopian-tube 2.

Treatment for missed abortion includes isolating the patient, bed rest in a semi-sitting position, establishing an intravenous line for therapy, observing vital signs, taking a cervico-vaginal swab for culture and sensitivity, administering antibiotic therapy, providing fluid therapy, and using oxytocin infusion to control bleeding and enhance expulsion of the retained products. Surgical evacuation of the uterus can be performed after 6 hours of commencing IV therapy but may be earlier in case of severe bleeding or deteriorating condition despite the previous therapy. In some cases, hysterectomy may be considered as a last resort to save the patient's life. Other types of abortion include therapeutic abortion, abortion induced for a medical condition, criminal abortion, illegal abortion induced for a non-medical indication, and recurrent (habitual) abortion, defined as three or more consecutive abortions.

Ⅱ. Ectopic Pregnancy - Ectopic means 'out of place'. In an ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus. The egg settles in the fallopian tubes in more than 95% of ectopic pregnancies. This is why ectopic pregnancies are more commonly called 'tubal pregnancies'. Causes 1. Mechanical factor - abnormalities in the fallopian tube 2.

Complete abortion signs include minimal inoffensive vaginal discharge often associated with severe cases, tenderness of the uterus, feeling of products of conception, feeling of local trauma, fullness and tenderness of Douglas pouch indicating a pelvic abscess associated with diarrhea. Treatment options for complete abortion involve isolating the patient, recommending bed rest in a semi-sitting position, establishing an intravenous line for therapy, monitoring vital signs, taking a cervico-vaginal swab for culture and sensitivity, administering antibiotic therapy, providing fluid therapy, using oxytocin infusion to control bleeding and enhance expulsion of the retained products, and considering surgical evacuation of the uterus after 6 hours of commencing IV therapy or earlier in cases of severe bleeding or deteriorating condition despite the previous therapy. In extreme cases, hysterectomy may be performed as a last resort to save the patient's life. Other types of abortion include therapeutic abortion, abortion induced for a medical condition, criminal abortion, illegal abortion induced for a non-medical indication, and recurrent (habitual) abortion, defined as three or more consecutive abortions.

Ⅱ. Ectopic Pregnancy - Ectopic means 'out of place'. In an ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus. The egg settles in the fallopian tubes in more than 95% of ectopic pregnancies. This is why ectopic pregnancies are more commonly called 'tubal pregnancies'. Causes 1. Mechanical factor - abnormalities in the fallopian tube 2.

Complications of missed abortion may include fullness and tenderness of Douglas pouch indicating a pelvic abscess associated with diarrhea. Treatment for missed abortion involves isolating the patient, recommending bed rest in a semi-sitting position, establishing an intravenous line for therapy, monitoring vital signs, taking a cervico-vaginal swab for culture and sensitivity, administering antibiotic therapy, providing fluid therapy, using oxytocin infusion to control bleeding and enhance expulsion of the retained products, and considering surgical evacuation of the uterus after 6 hours of commencing IV therapy or earlier in cases of severe bleeding or deteriorating condition despite the previous therapy. In severe cases, hysterectomy may be performed as a last resort to save the patient's life. Other types of abortion include therapeutic abortion, abortion induced for a medical condition, criminal abortion, illegal abortion induced for a non-medical indication, and recurrent (habitual) abortion, defined as three or more consecutive abortions.

Ⅱ. Ectopic Pregnancy - Ectopic means 'out of place'. In an ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus. The egg settles in the fallopian tubes in more than 95% of ectopic pregnancies. This is why ectopic pregnancies are more commonly called 'tubal pregnancies'. Causes 1. Mechanical factor - abnormalities in the fallopian tube 2.

Treatment options for missed abortion include isolating the patient, recommending bed rest in a semi-sitting position, establishing an intravenous line for therapy, monitoring vital signs, taking a cervico-vaginal swab for culture and sensitivity, administering antibiotic therapy, providing fluid therapy, using oxytocin infusion to control bleeding and enhance expulsion of the retained products, and considering surgical evacuation of the uterus after 6 hours of commencing IV therapy or earlier in cases of severe bleeding or deteriorating condition despite the previous therapy. In severe cases, hysterectomy may be performed as a last resort to save the patient's life. Other types of abortion include therapeutic abortion, abortion induced for a medical condition, criminal abortion, illegal abortion induced for a non-medical indication, and recurrent (habitual) abortion, defined as three or more consecutive abortions.

Ⅱ. Ectopic Pregnancy - Ectopic means 'out of place'. In an ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus. The egg settles in the fallopian tubes in more than 95% of ectopic pregnancies. This is why ectopic pregnancies are more commonly called 'tubal pregnancies'. Causes 1. Mechanical factor - abnormalities in the fallopian tube 2.

In treating missed abortion, isolating the patient, recommending bed rest in a semi-sitting position, establishing an intravenous line for therapy, monitoring vital signs, taking a cervico-vaginal swab for culture and sensitivity, administering antibiotic therapy, providing fluid therapy, using oxytocin infusion to control bleeding and enhance expulsion of the retained products, and considering surgical evacuation of the uterus after 6 hours of commencing IV therapy or earlier in cases of severe bleeding or deteriorating condition despite the previous therapy are all crucial steps. In severe cases, hysterectomy may be performed as a last resort to save the patient's life. Other types of abortion include therapeutic abortion, abortion induced for a medical condition, criminal abortion, illegal abortion induced for a non-medical indication, and recurrent (habitual) abortion, defined as three or more consecutive abortions.

Ⅱ. Ectopic Pregnancy - Ectopic means 'out of place'. In an ectopic pregnancy, a fertilized egg is implanted outside the uterus. The egg settles in the fallopian tubes in more than 95% of ectopic pregnancies. This is why ectopic pregnancies are more commonly called 'tubal pregnancies'. Causes 1. Mechanical factor - abnormalities in the fallopian tube 2.