36 Questions
What is the primary objective of hemostasis?
To prevent excessive bleeding
Which of the following is NOT a cause of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)?
Trauma
What is the primary mechanism of hemostasis in the first phase?
Smooth muscle contraction
What is the final phase of hemostasis?
Fibrinolysis
What is the term for the uncontrolled systemic activation of coagulation and fibrinolytic cascades?
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
What is the primary result of uncontrolled systemic activation of inflammatory responses?
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
What is a possible trigger for Systemic Activation of Coagulation?
All of the above
What is a common complication of DIC?
Hypotension
What is an early classic sign of DIC?
Abrupt onset of bleeding
What is a result of stagnation of capillary flow from prolonged hypotension and systemic arteriovenous shunting?
Metabolic acidosis
What is a characteristic skin symptom of DIC?
Purpura
What is a possible cause of hemorrhage in DIC?
Paradoxical coagulation
What is a potential consequence of DIC?
Organ failure
What is a possible consequence of stagnation of capillary flow from prolonged hypotension?
Tissue and cell ischemia
What should not be used for FFP and other clotting factors?
Used blood-giving sets
Why is heparin given to patients with DIC?
To prevent further thrombus formation and stimulate the release of endogenous clotting factors
What is a common complication of DIC that requires fluid replacement?
Hypovolemia
What is the primary goal of nursing interventions in DIC?
To reduce complications from trauma, sepsis, and bleeding
Which of the following nursing interventions may provoke hemorrhage?
Turning and endotracheal suction
How often should the patient's cardiac, respiratory, and neurologic status be monitored initially?
Every 30 minutes
What is the recommended position for the patient to maximize chest expansion?
Semi-Fowler's position
What is the primary goal of administering supplemental oxygen in DIC?
To prevent hypoxemia
What should be monitored hourly when administering blood products to a patient with DIC?
Intake and output
Why are electric shavers preferred over wet shaves in patients with DIC?
To reduce the risk of bleeding
What is a potential complication of DIC that nurses should assess for?
Pulmonary emboli
Why should foam sticks be used instead of toothbrushes in patients with DIC?
To reduce bleeding risk
What is the purpose of lubricating the skin and lips in patients with DIC?
To prevent cracking
What is an important aspect of nursing care for patients with DIC?
Providing emotional support
Which laboratory finding specifically supports a tentative diagnosis of DIC?
Prolonged PT
Which organ is primarily associated with ARDS and pulmonary hypertension in DIC?
Lungs
What is the recommended initial treatment strategy for DIC?
Stopping the triggering process
What symptom might indicate cerebral involvement in DIC?
Confusion
What is a common consequence of vascular fibrin deposits in the kidneys during DIC?
Intrarenal failure
Which laboratory result indicates a decreased platelet count in DIC?
Less than 100,000/μL
What nutrient is suggested to restore endogenous hemostasis in DIC?
Vitamin K
How should platelet infusions be handled to prevent damage during administration?
Given quickly through dedicated administration sets
This quiz assesses the learner's understanding of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in intensive care units, including its causes, complications, manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.
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