Mammalian Embryo Development Quiz

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Which cell type was used to generate the post-gastrulation synthetic embryos in the study?

Embryonic stem cells (correct)

Hematopoietic stem cells

Induced pluripotent stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells

Which specific lineage were naive ESCs transiently expressing Cdx2 primed towards in the experiment?

Endoderm

Mesoderm

Trophectoderm (correct)

Ectoderm

What is the main characteristic of pluripotent stem cells?

They have limited differentiation potential

They can only differentiate into ectoderm

They can only differentiate into endoderm

They can differentiate into any cell type (correct)

In the study, which term describes the ability of naive ESCs to give rise to both embryonic and extraembryonic structures in the synthetic embryos?

Totipotency Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stem cell has the potential to develop into any cell type in the body?

Embryonic stem cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of pluripotency?

Ability to differentiate into all three germ layers Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cell types exhibit totipotency?

Embryonic stem cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of ectoderm in pluripotency?

Forms the nervous system and skin Signup and view all the answers

Which stem cells are typically found within tissues of children and adults?

Adult stem cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of multipotency in stem cells?

Limited differentiation potential into specific cell types Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the findings described in the text?

They demonstrate the ability of naive pluripotent cells to self-organize and model the entire mammalian embryo beyond gastrulation. Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are described as having the ability to self-organize and model the entire mammalian embryo?

Naive pluripotent cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the term 'gastrulation' in the context of the findings?

It is the stage at which the embryo develops organ progenitors and extraembryonic compartments. Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential application of the synthetic embryos mentioned in the text?

They can be used to study the development of specific organs like the brain and heart. Signup and view all the answers

What is the efficiency of creating synthetic embryos from the combination of cells?

1% Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) over adult stem cells in research?

ESCs can differentiate into cells derived from all three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm). Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential application of embryonic stem cells mentioned in the text?

Treating genetic disorders by correcting the underlying genetic defect. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about adult stem cells is TRUE?

Mesenchymal stem cells are a type of adult stem cell found in the bone marrow. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is FALSE?

HSCs can differentiate into any cell type in the body, including non-blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential challenge associated with the use of embryonic stem cells mentioned in the text?

Potential for contamination with other cell types during derivation. Signup and view all the answers