Introduction to Genetic Engineering
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following organisms do not contain DNA?

  • Plants
  • Bacteria
  • Yeast
  • Human body (correct)

    • What is the function of DNA in a cell?

  • To convert genes
  • To remind of DNA structure
  • To illustrate cell machinery
  • To create proteins (correct)

    • Which section of the course provides a detailed explanation of DNA and proteins?

  • Biology of Biotech course (correct)
  • Section 2
  • Section 1
  • Section 3

    • What is the topic of section 3 of the course?

    <p>Creating recombinant proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is the building block of DNA?

    <p>Nucleotide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many different bases are there in DNA?

    <p>Four</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the order of base pairing in DNA?

    <p>A-T, C-G</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of post-translational modifications in proteins?

    <p>To determine the shape and function of proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is used to create a gap in the plasmid and cut the human DNA at the same sequence?

    <p>EcoR1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding DNA ligase to the solution?

    <p>To seal the plasmid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe DNA molecules that have been created by combining DNA from more than one source?

    <p>Recombinant DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell types are commonly used to create recombinant proteins?

    <p>Bacterial cells and mammalian cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are more sensitive to changes in the cell culture environment?

    <p>Mammalian cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are bacterial cells unable to be used to create many proteins?

    <p>Bacterial cells lack the ability to perform complex protein processing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein type requires the use of mammalian cells to be manufactured?

    <p>Monoclonal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of injecting ADVATE in patients with Hemophilia A?

    <p>To replace a missing protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes recombinant DNA?

    <p>DNA molecules that have been created by combining DNA from more than one source</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of restriction enzymes in genetic engineering?

    <p>To recognize specific DNA sequences and cut DNA at those spots</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a plasmid?

    <p>A circular piece of DNA that can easily be transferred between cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the gene of interest integrated into a plasmid?

    <p>By cutting the plasmid with restriction enzymes and then reconnecting it with the gene of interest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is used to remove bacterial cells that do not contain the plasmid?

    <p>Antibiotic resistance gene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a liposome used to transfer recombinant DNA into mammalian cells?

    <p>Liposomes can easily enter the cell through the membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't antibiotic selection be used to select mammalian cells that have taken up the plasmid?

    <p>Mammalian cells are resistant to antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is bacterial cell culture faster and cheaper compared to mammalian cell culture?

    <p>Bacterial cells divide more quickly than mammalian cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes fusion proteins?

    <p>Proteins that combine the characteristics of two different proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of fusion proteins like Alprolix and Eloctate?

    <p>They combine the blood clotting ability of a clotting factor with the stability of an antibody</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are antibodies considered stable in a patient's body?

    <p>They typically last for several weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main method used to produce most biologic drugs?

    <p>Bacterial cells or CHO cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of genetically engineering animals to produce biologic drugs?

    <p>To get an animal to produce a therapeutic protein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are blood clotting factors not stable in a patient's body?

    <p>They need to be infused every other day</p> Signup and view all the answers

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