Malocclusion and Orthodontic Therapy

Nonmineralized plaque on calculus surfaces

Carbohydrate-Protein removes calcium from the saliva through chelation and binds with it to form nuclei that induce deposition of minerals.

They impede self-cleaning mechanisms, promoting plaque buildup.

<p>Improper use of rubber dam clamps, matrix bands, and burs</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wearing them continuously (day and night) may lead to increased plaque formation compared to those worn only during the day.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inadequate dental procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculus does not directly cause gingival inflammation but provides a fixed nidus for plaque accumulation, making plaque removal difficult by keeping it close to the gingiva.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Materia alba is a soft, sticky deposit consisting of microorganisms, desquamated epithelial cells, leukocytes, and salivary proteins/lipids, and its irritating effect on the gingiva is caused by bacteria and their products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculus is classified into supra and subgingival calculus based on its location, with supragingival calculus also known as salivary calculus and subgingival calculus also known as seruminal calculus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The average daily increment in calculus formation is from 0.10% to 0.15% of dry weight calculus, and it depends on the rate of accumulation, which can be classified into non, slight, moderate, and heavy calculus formers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supragingival calculus appears white or whitish yellow, and it is commonly found on the buccal surfaces of maxillary molars opposite Stenson's duct and lingual surfaces of mandibular anterior teeth opposite Wharton's duct and Bartholin's duct.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculus formation can compromise the success of restorative dentistry and orthodontic therapy by creating a conducive environment for oral diseases, and iatrogenic factors such as inadequate oral hygiene instructions and infrequent recalls can contribute to its formation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Makes plaque control more challenging</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plaque retention due to appliances and direct injury to the gingiva</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trauma from improper brushing, fingernail trauma, or oral jewelry</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ischemia, mucositis, fibrosis, and xerostomia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Associated with greater attachment loss, bone loss, and increased calculus formation and number of deep pockets</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vertical bone loss and food impaction</p> Signup and view all the answers