Questions and Answers
Where are the primary sex organs (gonads) located in males?
Testes
What is the function of the accessory sex glands in the male reproductive system?
To empty their secretions into the ducts during ejaculation
Which hormone is predominantly responsible for male sexual characteristics and behaviors?
Androgens
Where are sperm produced and stored before ejaculation?
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What is the primary function of the male gonads (testes)?
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Which part of the male reproductive system delivers sperm to the exterior?
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What is the role of sex hormones in the male reproductive system?
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What keeps the testes 3 C lower than core body temperature?
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What surrounds the seminiferous tubules and produces androgens?
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What structure conveys sperm to the rete testis?
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What is the primary function of the efferent ductules?
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What is the cuff of skin covering the distal end of the penis called?
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What is the primary function of the corpus spongiosum?
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From where do the testicular arteries branch and supply the testes?
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What is the role of sustentacular cells in spermatogenesis?
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What is the function of the acrosome in sperm?
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Which cells maintain the germ line in the seminiferous tubules?
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What is the role of androgen-binding protein (ABP) in spermatogenesis?
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What is the function of the blood-testis barrier?
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What stimulates the release of FSH and LH from the anterior pituitary gland?
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What is the role of testosterone in the male reproductive system?
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What is the function of the midpiece in sperm?
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What is the source of estrogen for neurons in the male reproductive system?
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Where does nonmotile sperm enter and become motile?
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What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?
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Which gland secretes slightly acidic fluid and accounts for one-third of semen volume?
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What initiates erection by sexual stimuli?
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What is the process of sperm production involving meiosis and genetic variability?
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Which part of the male reproductive system is cut in vasectomy?
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What does semen contain to facilitate sperm movement?
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Meiosis forms spermatids from spermatocytes
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Spermatids are haploid but nonmotile late in spermatogenesis
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Sustentacular cells form a blood-testis barrier to prevent sperm antigens from escaping into the blood
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Sustentacular cells deliver nutrients to dividing cells and secrete testicular fluid to provide the transport medium for sperm
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The hypothalamus releases luteinizing hormone (LH) to stimulate interstitial cells to release testosterone
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Testosterone is synthesized from cholesterol and must be transformed into dihydrotestosterone (DHT) before it can bind within the nucleus
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The male secondary sex characteristics induced by testosterone include enhanced growth of the chest and deepening of the voice
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The ovaries are the primary female reproductive organs that make female gametes (ova) and secrete female sex hormones
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The accessory ducts in the female reproductive system include uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina
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The external genitalia in the female reproductive system are referred to as the external sex organs
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Study Notes
Male Reproductive System Anatomy and Function
- Epididymis is the site where nonmotile sperm enter and become motile
- Ductus deferens, from the epididymis to the urethra, is cut in vasectomy
- Urethra conveys both urine and semen and consists of three regions
- Seminal vesicles secrete 60% of semen volume, containing fructose and prostaglandins
- Prostate gland secretes slightly acidic fluid and accounts for one-third of semen volume
- Bulbourethral glands produce mucus to neutralize acidic urine in the urethra
- Semen contains sperm and accessory gland secretions, facilitating sperm movement
- Semen also contains prostaglandins, relaxin, and seminalplasmin
- Semen coagulates after ejaculation and then liquefies
- Erection is initiated by sexual stimuli and involves the release of nitric oxide
- Ejaculation is a sympathetic nerve-driven process that empties reproductive ducts and prevents urine expulsion
- Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm production involving meiosis and genetic variability
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