Male Reproductive System

Male Reproductive System

• Consists of:
  • Testes (produce sperm)
  • Epididymis (stores sperm)
  • Vas deferens (transports sperm)
  • Ejaculatory ducts (transport sperm and seminal fluid)
  • Urethra (transport sperm and urine)
  • Penis (delivers sperm during ejaculation)

Sperm

• Produced in the testes through a process called spermatogenesis
• Consists of:
  • Head (contains genetic material)
  • Neck (connects head to tail)
  • Tail (propels sperm during ejaculation)
• Capacitation: process by which sperm become capable of fertilization

Female Reproductive System

• Consists of:
  • Ovaries (produce eggs)
  • Fallopian tubes (transport eggs)
  • Uterus (supports fetal development)
  • Cervix (connects uterus to vagina)
  • Vagina (receives sperm during intercourse)

Ova (Eggs)

• Produced in the ovaries through a process called oogenesis
• Released from the ovaries during ovulation
• Fertilization: the process by which a sperm fertilizes an egg

Fertilization and Conception

• Occurs in the fallopian tube
• Resulting zygote undergoes several cell divisions before implanting in the uterus
• Implantation: the process by which the zygote attaches to the uterine lining

Hormonal Regulation

• Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis:
  • Hypothalamus regulates hormone production
  • Pituitary gland stimulates hormone production in the gonads (ovaries and testes)
• Key hormones involved in human reproduction:
  • Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
  • Luteinizing hormone (LH)
  • Estrogen
  • Progesterone
  • Testosterone

Male Reproductive System

• Testes produce sperm through a process called spermatogenesis
• Epididymis stores sperm, and Vas deferens transports them to the ejaculatory ducts
• Ejaculatory ducts combine sperm with seminal fluid, and the urethra transports the mixture
• The penis delivers sperm during ejaculation

Sperm Structure and Function

• Composed of a head, neck, and tail
• Head contains genetic material, neck connects the head to the tail
• Tail propels sperm during ejaculation
• Sperm undergo capacitation to become capable of fertilization

Female Reproductive System

• Ovaries produce eggs through a process called oogenesis
• Fallopian tubes transport eggs to the uterus
• Uterus supports fetal development, and the cervix connects the uterus to the vagina
• Vagina receives sperm during intercourse

Ova (Eggs)

• Produced in the ovaries through oogenesis
• Released from the ovaries during ovulation
• Fertilization occurs when a sperm fertilizes an egg

Fertilization and Conception

• Fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube
• The resulting zygote undergoes several cell divisions before implanting in the uterus
• Implantation is the process by which the zygote attaches to the uterine lining

Hormonal Regulation of Human Reproduction

• The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis regulates hormone production
• Hypothalamus regulates hormone production, and the pituitary gland stimulates hormone production in the gonads (ovaries and testes)
• Key hormones involved in human reproduction include FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone

Learn about the different parts of the male reproductive system, including the testes, epididymis, vas deferens, and more. Understand the structure and function of sperm in this system.