Male Pregnancy in Syngnathid Fishes

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What factor favors larger females in pre-copulatory mate choice in Gulf pipefishes?

Pre-copulatory mate choice favors larger females.

What was the range of eggs transferred per copulation in Gulf pipefishes?

The range was 4 to 42 eggs per copulation.

What is the mean number of eggs transferred per copulation in Gulf pipefishes?

The mean number of eggs transferred per copulation is 22.5.

What does the strong positive correlation between the number of eggs transferred and female size suggest?

The correlation suggests that larger females transfer more eggs per mating. Signup and view all the answers

What does postcopulatory sexual selection in Gulf pipefishes act in the same direction as?

Postcopulatory sexual selection acts in the same direction as pre-copulatory sexual selection. Signup and view all the answers

What question is raised regarding post-copulatory sexual selection in pipefishes?

One important question is whether post-copulatory sexual selection reinforces or opposes pre-copulatory sexual selection. Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique phenomenon observed in seahorses and their relatives?

Male pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the male's brood pouch during pregnancy in syngnathid fishes?

The male's pouch provides aeration, protection, osmoregulation, and nutrition to the developing offspring. Signup and view all the answers

How does the male brood pouch contribute to conflict resolution between the sexes?

It acts as an arbiter of conflict by mediating offspring abortion rates in pregnancies from unattractive mothers. Signup and view all the answers

What role does the brood pouch play in post-copulatory sexual selection?

The brood pouch may have a role in modulating post-copulatory sexual selection and sexual conflict. Signup and view all the answers

How does nutrients flow within the brood pouch during pregnancy?

Nutrients move both from father to offspring and from offspring to father during the pregnancy. Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential causes of sexual conflicts related to the brood pouch?

Sexual conflicts could arise from males withholding (or taking) resources from some broods or females transferring substances that stimulate males to invest more resources. Signup and view all the answers

What type of correlation was observed between a female's total length and the time elapsed before mating?

Negative correlation Signup and view all the answers

When considering the female's length relative to the male's length, what was the nature of the pattern observed?

More pronounced Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship was observed between the female's total length and the number of eggs transferred to the male's pouch?

Positive relationship Signup and view all the answers

How did males experience offspring survivorship when mating with larger females compared to smaller ones?

Higher levels of offspring survivorship Signup and view all the answers

What is the partial regression coefficient related to current male total length?

-0.406 Signup and view all the answers

What is the P value associated with the relationship between current brood size and offspring survivorship?

0.001 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the study on two pipefish species by Ripley and Foran in 2006?

Differential parental nutrient allocation Signup and view all the answers

According to Ripley and Foran in 2009, what was the direct evidence found regarding nutrients in pipefish embryos?

Embryonic uptake of paternally-derived nutrients Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the brood pouch in the euryhaline Gulf pipefish according to Partridge, Shardo, and Boettcher in 2007?

Osmoregulatory Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Berglund and Rosenqvist discuss sex role reversal in pipefish?

2003 Signup and view all the answers

Who studied the phylogenetic relationships from pipefish to seahorse in 1959?

E.S. Herald Signup and view all the answers

What concept did Trivers discuss in his work 'Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man'?

Sexual selection Signup and view all the answers

Who performed the experiments?

K.A.P. Signup and view all the answers

Which organization supported the work?

US National Science Foundation Signup and view all the answers

Where can reprints and permissions information be found?

<a href="http://www.nature.com/reprints">www.nature.com/reprints</a> Signup and view all the answers