Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which structure houses the male gonads within the male urogenital triangle?
Which structure houses the male gonads within the male urogenital triangle?
- Scrotum (correct)
- Penis
- Vestibule
- Bulbospongiosus muscle
What is the primary function of the bulbospongiosus muscle in males?
What is the primary function of the bulbospongiosus muscle in males?
- To provide structural support to the penis
- To facilitate the movement of sperm
- To regulate blood flow to the testes
- To assist in ejaculation (correct)
Which artery is the primary blood supply to the external genitalia?
Which artery is the primary blood supply to the external genitalia?
- Internal pudendal artery (correct)
- Aorta
- Femoral artery
- Popliteal artery
What are the two types of erectile tissue found in the penis?
What are the two types of erectile tissue found in the penis?
Which muscle is located on the lateral aspect of the perineum and covers the crura of the corpora cavernosa?
Which muscle is located on the lateral aspect of the perineum and covers the crura of the corpora cavernosa?
What is the role of the scrotum in male physiology?
What is the role of the scrotum in male physiology?
What dual roles do the testes play?
What dual roles do the testes play?
What is the primary structural feature of the clitoris that makes it homologous to the penis?
What is the primary structural feature of the clitoris that makes it homologous to the penis?
Which nerve provides innervation to the external genitalia in males?
Which nerve provides innervation to the external genitalia in males?
Which artery is a terminal branch of the internal pudendal artery that supplies the scrotum?
Which artery is a terminal branch of the internal pudendal artery that supplies the scrotum?
Which structure is NOT a part of the spermatic cord?
Which structure is NOT a part of the spermatic cord?
What characterizes the epididymis?
What characterizes the epididymis?
Which nerve provides the primary sensory supply to the scrotum?
Which nerve provides the primary sensory supply to the scrotum?
Which of the following arteries is not involved in the blood supply to the scrotum?
Which of the following arteries is not involved in the blood supply to the scrotum?
The primary function of the scrotum is to:
The primary function of the scrotum is to:
What part of the male reproductive system is homologous to the female ovary?
What part of the male reproductive system is homologous to the female ovary?
What is the primary function of the cremaster muscle in the scrotum?
What is the primary function of the cremaster muscle in the scrotum?
Which structure is responsible for the main erectile tissue in the penis?
Which structure is responsible for the main erectile tissue in the penis?
Which arteries supply blood to the penis?
Which arteries supply blood to the penis?
What is the role of the bulbospongiosus muscle in relation to the penis?
What is the role of the bulbospongiosus muscle in relation to the penis?
What anatomical structure is located posteroinferior to the penis?
What anatomical structure is located posteroinferior to the penis?
Which erectile tissue expands distally to form the glans penis?
Which erectile tissue expands distally to form the glans penis?
What is the function of the deep dorsal vein in the penis?
What is the function of the deep dorsal vein in the penis?
What is the fundamental physiological role of the scrotum?
What is the fundamental physiological role of the scrotum?
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Study Notes
Male External Genitalia – The Penis
- Role: Male copulatory organ
- Dual Roles
- Reproductive - semen passage
- Urinary - urine passage
- Components:
- Root
- Ischiocavernosus muscles: Extend from ischial tuberosity on lateral aspect of urogenital triangle
- Bulbospongiosus muscle: Extend from perineal body on medial aspect of the urogenital triangle
- Body
- Corpora cavernosa (continuation of left and right crura)
- Corpus spongiosum (continuation of the bulb, expands distally as glans penis)
- Glans Penis
- Root
Blood Supply - Penis
- Arterial
- Dorsal artery of the penis
- Deep arteries of the penis
- Artery of bulb
- All branches of the internal pudendal artery (branch of internal iliac artery)
- Venous Return
- Deep dorsal vein
- Superficial dorsal veins
The Scrotum
- Fibromuscular sac that houses and protects testes and associated structures
- Keeps testes at optimal temperature for spermatogenesis
- Cremaster muscle responsible for raising and lowering the scrotum
- Located posteroinferior to the penis and inferior to the pubic symphysis
- Divided into two compartments by a septum which houses each testis
Blood and Nerve Supply of Scrotum
- Blood Supply
- Posterior scrotal artery - terminal branch of internal pudendal artery
- Superficial and deep branches of external pudendal artery
- Nerve Supply
- Anterior scrotal nerve (branch of the ilioinguinal nerve)
- Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve
- Posterior scrotal nerve (terminal branch of pudendal nerve)
The Testes & Epididymis
The Testes
- Male gonad homologous to the ovary in the female
- Dual roles:
- Exocrine - production of sperm
- Endocrine - production of testosterone
- Connected to the pelvic viscera via the spermatic cord which contains:
- Ductus deferens (vas deferens)
- Testicular artery and vein (pampiniform plexus)
- Lymphatic vessels
The Epididymis
- Comma-shaped structure located on the posterior surface of the testes
- Consists of a head, body, and tail that is continuous with the ductus deferens
- Function: Storage and maturation of sperm
Pelvic Artery - Internal Iliac Artery
- Posterior Trunk
- Iliolumbar artery
- Lateral sacral artery
- Superior gluteal artery
- Anterior Trunk
- Inferior gluteal artery
- Obturator artery
- Umbilical artery
- Superior vesical artery
- Middle vesical artery
- Uterine artery
- Deferential artery
- Middle rectal (hemorrhoidal)
- Inferior vesical artery
- Internal pudendal artery
- Inferior rectal artery
- Scrotal/labial artery
- Perineal artery
- Deep and dorsal arteries of the penis
Pelvic Arteries - Male and Female
- Male
- Iliolumbar
- Superior gluteal
- Lateral sacral
- Umbilical (superior vesical)
- Obturator
- Inferior vesical
- Middle rectal
- Internal pudendal (inferior rectal)
- Inferior gluteal
- Female
- Iliolumbar
- Superior gluteal
- Lateral sacral
- Umbilical (superior vesical)
- Obturator
- Inferior vesical
- Middle rectal
- Internal pudendal (inferior rectal)
- Inferior gluteal
- Uterine and vaginal arteries directly from anterior division of internal iliac artery
Pelvic Veins
- Small veins of the pelvic cavity generally follow the arteries in the region
Male Urogenital Triangle
- Contents
- External genitalia
- The penis which encloses the urethra
- The scrotum which houses the male gonads-testes
- Perineal muscles
- Superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles
- Bulbospongiosus muscles
- Ischiocavernosus muscles - lateral aspect of the perineum which covers the crura or corpora cavernosa
- Erectile tissues
- Corpora cavernosa
- Corpus spongiosum
- Gonads - testes
- Epididymis
- Spermatic cord
- External genitalia
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