Malaria Symptoms and Pathophysiology
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Questions and Answers

Which species of Plasmodium is the most pathogenic?

  • P.ovale
  • P.falciparum (correct)
  • P.malariae
  • P.vivax
  • Which age group is most affected by malaria?

  • Children under 5 (correct)
  • Adults over 40
  • Elderly above 70
  • Teenagers
  • In which host does the sexual development (sporogony) of malaria parasites occur?

  • Dogs
  • Humans
  • Cats
  • Female Anopheles mosquito (correct)
  • Which type of schizogony occurs in man (intermediate host)?

    <p>Primary exo-erythrocytic schizogony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species causes malaria with a relapse every 72 hours?

    <p>P. malariae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of schizogony involves P. vivax and P. ovale persisting as hypnozoites?

    <p>Secondary exo-erythrocytic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species can cause periodic relapses for up to 5 years without treatment?

    <p>P. vivax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the mosquito cycle, what process involves the formation of microgametes from microgametocytes?

    <p>Exflagellation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Plasmodium species has large rings in the trophozoite stage that may adhere to red cells?

    <p>P. vivax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic pigment color found in developing trophozoites of P. falciparum?

    <p>Black; few clumps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many merozoites are usually found in mature schizonts of P. malariae?

    <p>&lt;12 merozoites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of red blood cells do vivax merozoites invade?

    <p>Immature red blood cells (reticulocytes)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do P.vivax hypnozoites lie dormant?

    <p>In the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is typically used to treat malarial attacks caused by P.vivax?

    <p>Chloroquine and amodiaquine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When do gametocytes typically appear in relation to asexual parasites?

    <p>Before the onset of symptoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are antimosquito chemicals like DDT and Malathion helpful in controlling malaria?

    <p>Prevent the transmission of malaria by killing mosquitoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not mentioned as a method for malaria control in the text?

    <p>Consuming garlic daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main cause of anemia in malaria patients?

    <p>Destruction of RBCs by parasite and lysis of non-parasitized cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which parasite infects the youngest erythrocytes?

    <p>P. vivax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes blockage of blood capillaries in vital areas like the brain, lung, and kidney in malaria?

    <p>Adhesion of infected erythrocytes to blood vessel linings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of malaria is characterized by a lack of synchronized asexual cycles leading to atypical fever patterns?

    <p>P. falciparum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does spleen enlargement occur in malaria?

    <p>Massive proliferation of macrophages phagocytosing RBCs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of malaria can lead to life-threatening complications known as pernicious malaria?

    <p>P. falciparum</p> Signup and view all the answers

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