Malaria: A Global Health Issue
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Questions and Answers

What is the most virulent species of Plasmodium?

  • Plasmodium falciparum (correct)
  • Plasmodium malariae
  • Plasmodium vivax
  • Plasmodium ovale
  • Which organism serves as the vector for Plasmodium in transmitting malaria to humans?

  • Anopheles mosquito (correct)
  • Tsetse fly
  • Culex mosquito
  • Aedes mosquito
  • What is the stage of Plasmodium that enters the bloodstream when an infected female mosquito takes a blood meal?

  • Gametocytes
  • Trophozoites
  • Merozoites
  • Sporozoites (correct)
  • What is the 45-kDa protein that covers sporozoites and mediates their adhesion to hepatocytes?

    <p>Circumsporozoite (CS) antigen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the parasites differentiate into merozoites after entering the hepatocytes?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What initiates the major symptoms and pathology of malaria?

    <p>Merozoites infecting red blood cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage in the life cycle of Plasmodium is responsible for initiating the cycle again by differentiating into sporozoites within the mosquito’s salivary gland?

    <p>Zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom of malaria is a result of merozoites blocking capillaries in the body?

    <p>Renal failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In regions where malaria is endemic, which age group is noted to have the weakest immune response against Plasmodium infection?

    <p>Children younger than 14 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a factor contributing to the low levels of immune response to Plasmodium in individuals living in endemic regions?

    <p>Constant surface molecule changes by Plasmodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of Plasmodium's life cycle circulates in the blood for a very short time before infecting hepatocytes, making immune activation unlikely?

    <p>Sporozoite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hypothesis links some malaria symptoms to the excessive production of cytokines?

    <p>Treatment with recombinant TNF-α in cancer patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

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