Making It Stick Chapter 5 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is metacognition?

Monitoring your own thinking.

Which of the following describes Thinking System I?

Training in real world scenarios reinforces what learner knows

Memory distortion caused from other events

Automatic system: unconscious, intuitive, immediate (correct)

Controlled system: conscious, decision making, exerts self-control

Which of the following describes Thinking System II?

Our discomfort with ambiguity and arbitrary events

Controlled system: conscious, decision making, exerts self-control (correct)

Confidence in a memory is not reliable

Automatic system: unconscious, intuitive, immediate

What is the hunger for narrative?

Our discomfort with ambiguity and arbitrary events; our search for explanations. Signup and view all the answers

What does imagination inflation refer to?

Tendency of people to begin to believe an imagined event actually happened. Signup and view all the answers

What is suggestion in the context of memory?

A memory illusion arising from the way a question is asked. Signup and view all the answers

What is interference in memory?

Memory distortion caused from other events. Signup and view all the answers

What is the curse of knowledge?

Underestimating how long it will take for someone to learn something. Signup and view all the answers

What is the feeling of knowing?

Accounts that sound familiar can be mistaken for true. Signup and view all the answers

What is fluency illusion?

Mistaking fluency with a text for mastery of its content. Signup and view all the answers

What are flashbulb memories?

Memories of significant events like JFK assassination or 9/11, where confidence in memory may not indicate accuracy. Signup and view all the answers

What are mental models?

As we develop mastery, we bundle the incremental steps required to solve different problems. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Dunning-Kruger effect?

Incompetent people overestimate their competence and therefore see no need to improve. Signup and view all the answers

What is testing in the context of knowledge?

Retrieval practice to verify what you think you know versus what you really know. Signup and view all the answers

What do cues refer to in learning?

Factors you pay attention to when judging what you have learned. Signup and view all the answers

What is feedback related to performance?

Receiving information to improve performance. Signup and view all the answers

What are simulations in learning?

Training in real-world scenarios that reinforces what learners know and what they need to work on. Signup and view all the answers

What role do mistakes play in learning?

Sometimes the best teacher. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Metacognition and Thinking Systems

Metacognition refers to the awareness and regulation of one's own thought processes.
Thinking System I operates automatically, functioning unconsciously and intuitively.
Thinking System II involves conscious decision-making and requires self-control.

Cognitive Biases and Memory

Hunger for narrative indicates a natural tendency to seek explanations and resist ambiguity.
Imagination inflation can lead individuals to believe in the reality of events they've only imagined.
Suggestion plays a role in memory illusions, often influenced by the phrasing of questions.

Memory Distortion

Interference describes how memories can be distorted due to influences from other events.
The curse of knowledge causes individuals to misestimate the learning duration needed for others.
The feeling of knowing can lead to confusion between familiarity and actual knowledge, illustrated by "The big lie" technique.

Misjudgments of Knowledge

Fluency illusion occurs when familiarity with a text is mistaken for true understanding of its content.
Flashbulb memories, such as those from significant historical events, often come with high confidence but may lack accuracy.

Mastery and Competence

Mental models form as mastery develops, aiding in problem-solving by consolidating incremental steps.
The Dunning-Kruger effect explains how those lacking competence may overestimate their abilities, discouraging improvement.

Learning and Improvement Techniques

Testing serves as retrieval practice, helping to distinguish between perceived and actual knowledge.
Cues are vital in evaluating learned material; familiarity or fluency shouldn't be solely relied upon as indicators of knowledge.
Feedback provides essential information to enhance performance and understanding.
Simulations offer real-world training scenarios that reinforce knowledge and highlight areas needing improvement.
Mistakes are recognized as valuable learning opportunities that can enhance comprehension and skills.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Chapter 5 of 'Making It Stick' by exploring key concepts like metacognition and the two thinking systems. This quiz helps reinforce your understanding of how we think and learn effectively. Use these flashcards to enhance retention of valuable insights presented in this chapter.