Main Characteristics of Nonbusiness Organizations

Fund accounting is primarily used by business organizations to manage their financial transactions.

The GASB is responsible for setting accounting standards for governmental units.

FASB establishes accounting standards for private colleges and universities.

Each fund in fund accounting is a separate accounting entity.

Profit-oriented enterprises apply GAAP established by GASB.

Nongovernmental units include labor unions and state hospitals.

Individuals who contribute resources to nonbusiness organizations receive equity interests in the net assets of the organization.

The value of services provided by nonbusiness organizations is directly proportional to the voluntary contributions made by individuals.

The Net Income concept is a suitable measure for evaluating the management effectiveness of resources dedicated to nonbusiness objectives.

Nonbusiness organizations apply the income determination model of accounting to assess their performance.

Individuals contributing to nonbusiness organizations benefit equally from the services provided by these organizations.

Revenues and expenses should be matched in fund accounting.

Expenditures should be classified by source in fund accounting.

Transfers from other funds should be treated the same way as revenues in fund accounting.

The term 'expense' is commonly used in fund accounting according to GAAP.

Decreases in financial resources outflows include proceeds from debt issuance.

The measurement focus of expendable fund entities is on matching revenues with expenses.

The financial statements for expendable fund entities include a profit and loss statement.

The fund balance in an expendable fund entity represents the net financial resources available for any purpose.

The financial position statement (balance sheet) of an expendable fund entity includes current and noncurrent assets and liabilities.

The operating statement of an expendable fund entity focuses on revenue, expenses, and net income.

Fund balance is calculated as assets plus liabilities.

The relevant measures of operations for expendable fund entities are increases in fund resources, decreases in fund resources, and net income.

The primary objective of accounting for expendable fund entities is to measure the extent to which management has complied with the regulations governing the use of expendable fund resources, and to assist management with such compliance.

Proprietary fund entities are used to account for the activities of business organizations.

The accounting measurements and reports for proprietary fund entities focus on determining net income, financial position, and cash flows.

Fiduciary fund entities always involve the government acting as a trustee for an individual or organization.

Nongovernmental units like labor unions are commonly included under fiduciary fund entities.