Mahogany Types and Characteristics
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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the genus that mahogany belongs to?

Swietenia

What are the typical uses of mahogany wood?

  • Furniture making and carpentry (correct)
  • Boat building (correct)
  • Musical instruments (correct)
  • Veneers and plywood (correct)
  • Decorative items (correct)
  • All of the above (correct)

Mahogany trees are native to Asia.

False (B)

What is the typical height of mahogany trees?

<p>40-50 meters</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is distinctive about the leaves of mahogany trees?

<p>Pinnate leaves with small opposite leaflets on an elongated stem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these options describes the spread of mahogany seeds?

<p>By wind (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical height of a Honduran mahogany tree?

<p>150 feet</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the wood of Honduran mahogany over time?

<p>It darkens in color (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cuban mahogany is more commonly used for furniture than Honduran mahogany.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the species of mahogany that is found in Belize?

<p>Swietenia parvifolia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

From where does the species of mahogany Swietenia humilis originate?

<p>Mexico Pacific Coast</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mahogany trees play a role in mitigating climate change by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do mahogany trees contribute to soil stability?

<p>By having extensive root systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the rarity of Cuban mahogany?

<p>Overharvesting</p> Signup and view all the answers

Man-made mahogany forests in the Philippines are solely created for conservation purposes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the man-made mahogany forest located in Bohol, Philippines?

<p>Billar Man-made Forest</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main challenges faced by man-made mahogany forests in the Philippines?

<p>Threatened by pests and insect borers (C), All of the above (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Give one key reason why emphasizing immediate economic gains from man-made forests can be detrimental.

<p>It can harm forest ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Custodial management aims to prioritize conservation over exploitation.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of Sustainable Development Goal 13?

<p>Keep global temperature rise below 2°C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does SDG 13 impact artificial mahogany forests in the Philippines?

<p>It helps in reforestation and carbon dioxide absorption to combat global warming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act of 1992 was implemented to protect biodiversity and natural resources.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Chainsaw Act of 2002?

<p>To prevent illegal logging</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the DENR Administrative Order No. 99-53?

<p>To emphasize sustainable forest management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Indigenous Peoples Rights Act of 1997 recognizes indigenous people's exclusive control over land rights.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main goals of the Philippine Forestry Code?

<p>To manage and protect forest resources (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Community-Based Forest Management Program (CBFMP) empowers local communities with sole ownership of forest lands.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main areas covered by DENR Administrative Orders such as DAO 2023-09, 2021-43, and 2021-26?

<p>Forest inventory, carbon accounting, and bamboo regulations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Selective logging is a practice exclusively used in planted forests.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mahogany Tree

A type of tropical hardwood known for its reddish-brown color, straight grain, and durability. It belongs to the genus Swietenia.

Swietenia macrophylla

Also known as Honduran Mahogany, a large tropical hardwood tree valued for its reddish-brown wood.

Swietenia mahogani

A type of mahogany, once widely used for furniture, but becoming rare due to overharvesting.

Mahogany Hardness

Varies from moderate to very hard, depending on the species.

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Pinnate Leaves

Mahogany leaves with small leaflets arranged on an elongated stem.

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Woody Capsules

The fruit of mahogany trees, containing winged seeds.

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Carbon Sequestration

The process of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

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Soil Erosion Control

Mahogany roots help prevent soil erosion.

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Biodiversity Support

Mahogany forests create habitats for wildlife.

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Water Regulation

Mahogany trees help with groundwater levels by absorbing excess nutrients.

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Climate Regulation

Mahogany trees affect the atmosphere by releasing organic compounds that regulate climate.

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Furniture Making

Mahogany wood is valued for its beauty, durability, and resistance to decay.

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Boat Building

Mahogany's resistance to rot and insects makes it suitable for boat building.

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Musical Instruments

Mahogany's tone in crafting instruments like guitars and pianos is attractive.

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Veneers and Plywood

Mahogany is used to create thin sheets and layered boards for furniture.

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Decorative Items

Mahogany is used in doors, windows, and kitchen cabinets.

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Medicinal Uses

Mahogany leaves, bark, and fruits are used in traditional medicine for treatment.

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Man-Made Mahogany Forest

A forest purposely planted and maintained by humans for various purposes.

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Study Notes

Mahogany

  • Mahogany refers to a type of tropical hardwood valued for its reddish-brown color, straight grain, and durability.
  • It belongs to the genus Swietenia.
  • Native to the Americas, Africa, and introduced to Asia.
  • Grows up to 40-50 meters tall and 1.8 meters in diameter.
  • Hardwoods vary in hardness depending on the species.
  • Has pinnate leaves with small leaflets on an elongated stem.
  • Fruits are woody capsules with winged seeds, dispersed by wind.

Common Types and Sub-species of Mahogany

  • Honduran Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla): Known as "genuine mahogany", a tropical hardwood reaching up to 150 feet tall and 6-8 feet in diameter. Reddish-brown wood that darkens over time.
  • Cuban Mahogany (Swietenia mahogani): Similar to Honduran Mahogany but with finer grains and fewer pores. Once widely used for furniture, but is now rare due to overharvesting.
  • African Mahoganies:
    • Khaya senegalensis
    • Khaya ivorensis
    • Entandrophragma angolense
  • Philippine Mindanao Mahogany: Shorea spp.
  • Indian Mahogany: Toona ciliata
  • Small-leaved mahogany: Swietenia parvifolia
    • Found in Belize
  • Sweitenia humilis: From Mexico Pacific Coast

Uses of Mahogany

  • Ecosystem:
    • Carbon Sequestration: Absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, mitigating climate change.
    • Soil Erosion Control: Extensive root systems prevent soil erosion and maintain stability.
    • Biodiversity Support: Provides habitat and food for various wildlife, contributing to biodiversity.
    • Water Regulation: Regulates groundwater levels and improves water quality by absorbing nutrients.
    • Climate Regulation: Releases organic compounds that reduce atmospheric warming.
  • Human:
    • Furniture Making: Highly valued for beauty, durability, and resistance to decay.
    • Boat Building: Resistant to rot and insect damage.
    • Musical Instruments: Wood's tonal qualities used in crafting instruments like guitars and pianos.
    • Veneers and Plywood: Used to create plywood and veneer sheets.
    • Decorative Items: Used in doors, windows, cabinets etc.

Man-Made Mahogany Forest

  • Deliberately planted and nurtured by humans, differing from naturally developed forests.
  • Established for reforestation, conservation, timber production, or environmental restoration.
  • Man-made mahogany forests in the Philippines provide economic benefits, reduce soil erosion, but negatively impact native biodiversity.
  • Example: Billar Man-made Forest, Bohol, Philippines (a dense forest mainly composed of Honduran Mahogany).

Economic Importance

  • Timber production
  • Employment opportunities
  • Prevent soil erosion and improve water quality
  • Carbon sinks to mitigate climate change
  • Supports local economies and global sustainability

Challenges

  • Pest and insect borers
  • Improper pruning
  • Fungal infections
  • Invasive species

Methods in Forest Management

  • Manipulative Management: Prioritizes immediate economic gain, potentially harming forest ecosystems. Exploitation for timber, ignoring long-term ecological consequences.
  • Custodial Management: Protects biodiversity and ecosystem services, prioritizes conservation over exploitation, incorporates sustainable practices. Protected areas (e.g., national parks) are examples.
  • Sustainable Development Goals:
    • SDG 13: Keep global temperature rise below 2°C, emphasizing cooperation and resource management.
    • SDG 15: Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of land and inland freshwater ecosystems.

Laws/Policies in Forest Management

  • Republic Act No. 7586 (NIPAS Act): Establishes protected areas for conserving biodiversity.
  • Republic Act No. 9175 (Chainsaw Act): Regulates chainsaw operation to prevent illegal logging.
  • Republic Act No. 10176 (National Land Use Act): Encourages sustainable land use planning.
  • DENR Administrative Order No. 99-53: Integrates sustainable forest management.
  • Other Acts: Indigenous Peoples Rights Act, Philippine Forestry Code.

Medicinal Uses

  • Leaves, bark, and fruits of mahogany trees have traditional uses in treating various conditions. (e.g., anemia, diabetes, malaria)

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of mahogany, a highly valued tropical hardwood known for its reddish-brown color and durability. This quiz covers the common types and subspecies of mahogany, including Honduran and Cuban varieties, as well as some African mahoganies. Test your knowledge and learn about the unique features of these woods.

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