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Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements accurately describes the behavior of magnetic poles?
Which of the following statements accurately describes the behavior of magnetic poles?
- Only north poles attract each other.
- Magnetic poles do not interact with each other.
- Like poles repel, and unlike poles attract. (correct)
- Like poles attract, and unlike poles repel.
What distinguishes hard magnets from soft magnets regarding their magnetism?
What distinguishes hard magnets from soft magnets regarding their magnetism?
- Soft magnets require an external magnetic field to function.
- Hard magnets only function at high temperatures.
- Hard magnets lose their magnetism quickly, while soft magnets retain it.
- Hard magnets retain their magnetism, while soft magnets lose it over time. (correct)
What best describes a magnetic field line?
What best describes a magnetic field line?
- A line that is perpendicular to the direction of the electrical field.
- A line along which a small test charge would experience no force.
- A line representing the gravitational pull on magnetic materials.
- A line that is tangent to the direction of the magnetic field at any point. (correct)
According to the right-hand grip rule, if you are holding a current-carrying wire in your right hand with your thumb pointing in the direction of the conventional current, what do your fingers indicate?
According to the right-hand grip rule, if you are holding a current-carrying wire in your right hand with your thumb pointing in the direction of the conventional current, what do your fingers indicate?
What is the effect on the magnetic field when a wire is formed into a loop, compared to a straight wire carrying the same current?
What is the effect on the magnetic field when a wire is formed into a loop, compared to a straight wire carrying the same current?
In the context of a solenoid, what does the right-hand grip rule help determine?
In the context of a solenoid, what does the right-hand grip rule help determine?
What is the fundamental principle underlying the creation of magnetic fields?
What is the fundamental principle underlying the creation of magnetic fields?
According to Fleming's left-hand rule, what physical quantity is indicated by the thumb?
According to Fleming's left-hand rule, what physical quantity is indicated by the thumb?
In Fleming's left-hand rule, which finger indicates the direction of the magnetic field?
In Fleming's left-hand rule, which finger indicates the direction of the magnetic field?
Under what condition will a current-carrying conductor placed in an external magnetic field NOT experience a force, according to Fleming's left-hand rule?
Under what condition will a current-carrying conductor placed in an external magnetic field NOT experience a force, according to Fleming's left-hand rule?
What adjustment is necessary when applying Fleming's left-hand rule to determine the force on a negative charge moving in a magnetic field?
What adjustment is necessary when applying Fleming's left-hand rule to determine the force on a negative charge moving in a magnetic field?
What does the angle $\theta$ represent in the formula $F = qvB\sin\theta$ for the force on a single charge in a magnetic field?
What does the angle $\theta$ represent in the formula $F = qvB\sin\theta$ for the force on a single charge in a magnetic field?
Under what condition is the force on a moving charge in a magnetic field maximized, assuming all other factors remain constant?
Under what condition is the force on a moving charge in a magnetic field maximized, assuming all other factors remain constant?
A wire carrying a current of 2 A is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T. If the wire is 50 cm long and positioned perpendicular to the magnetic field, what is the magnitude of the force acting on the wire? Use the formula $F = ILB\sin\theta$.
A wire carrying a current of 2 A is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.5 T. If the wire is 50 cm long and positioned perpendicular to the magnetic field, what is the magnitude of the force acting on the wire? Use the formula $F = ILB\sin\theta$.
What is the magnetic moment ($\mu$) defined as for a current-carrying loop?
What is the magnetic moment ($\mu$) defined as for a current-carrying loop?
What are the SI units for magnetic moment?
What are the SI units for magnetic moment?
If a circular loop with a radius of 0.1 m carries a current of 2 A, what is the magnetic moment of the loop, given that the area of a circle is $\pi r^2$?
If a circular loop with a radius of 0.1 m carries a current of 2 A, what is the magnetic moment of the loop, given that the area of a circle is $\pi r^2$?
How is the concept of magnetic moment utilized in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
How is the concept of magnetic moment utilized in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)?
What is the significance of a proton's spin in the context of magnetic moment?
What is the significance of a proton's spin in the context of magnetic moment?
A proton moves with a velocity of $2 \times 10^6$ m/s perpendicularly through a magnetic field of 1.5 T. Calculate the force on the proton, given that the charge of a proton is $1.6 \times 10^{-19}$ C. Use the formula $F = qvB\sin\theta$.
A proton moves with a velocity of $2 \times 10^6$ m/s perpendicularly through a magnetic field of 1.5 T. Calculate the force on the proton, given that the charge of a proton is $1.6 \times 10^{-19}$ C. Use the formula $F = qvB\sin\theta$.
A straight wire of length 2 m carries a current of 5 A in a region where the magnetic field is 0.8 T. If the angle between the wire and the magnetic field is 30 degrees, determine the magnitude of the magnetic force acting on the wire. Use the formula $F = ILB\sin\theta$.
A straight wire of length 2 m carries a current of 5 A in a region where the magnetic field is 0.8 T. If the angle between the wire and the magnetic field is 30 degrees, determine the magnitude of the magnetic force acting on the wire. Use the formula $F = ILB\sin\theta$.
A current-carrying wire lies in a magnetic field. If the current direction is reversed, what happens to the direction of the magnetic force on the wire?
A current-carrying wire lies in a magnetic field. If the current direction is reversed, what happens to the direction of the magnetic force on the wire?
Two identical current loops are placed next to each other. If the currents in both loops flow in the same direction, do the loops attract or repel each other?
Two identical current loops are placed next to each other. If the currents in both loops flow in the same direction, do the loops attract or repel each other?
In the context of magnetic materials, what does it mean for a material to be 'ferromagnetic'?
In the context of magnetic materials, what does it mean for a material to be 'ferromagnetic'?
Flashcards
What are magnets?
What are magnets?
Materials that produce magnetic fields due to the alignment of their atomic structure.
Properties of magnets
Properties of magnets
Magnets attract ferromagnetic materials and align with the Earth's magnetic field.
What is a magnetic field?
What is a magnetic field?
A region of space where magnetic forces can be felt.
Right Hand Grip Rule
Right Hand Grip Rule
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Magnetic field of current carrying loop
Magnetic field of current carrying loop
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What is a solenoid?
What is a solenoid?
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What causes magnetism?
What causes magnetism?
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What is Fleming's Left Hand Rule?
What is Fleming's Left Hand Rule?
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Force on conductor in external field
Force on conductor in external field
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Force on a charge in magnetic field
Force on a charge in magnetic field
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Force on current-carrying conductor
Force on current-carrying conductor
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What is Magnetic moment?
What is Magnetic moment?
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Application of magnetic moment
Application of magnetic moment
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Study Notes
- Magnets are materials that produce magnetic fields
- Naturally occurring magnetic materials are magnetized when exposed to the earth's magnetic field for long periods
Hard Magnets
- Retain their magnetism
- Example: magnetite
Soft magnets
- Lose their magnetism over time
- Example: iron
Properties of Magnets
- Like poles repel, unlike poles attract
- Magnets attract ferromagnetic materials like iron, steel, nickel, and cobalt and induce magnetism in them
- Magnets align with the earth's magnetic field
Magnetic Field (B)
- Defined as a region of space where magnetic forces can be felt
- A magnetic field line is drawn in a magnetic field so that the tangent to it at that point shows the direction of the magnetic field
- The magnetic force of a magnet is greatest at the poles
- As lines per area increases, force increases
Right Hand Grip Rule
- Used for determining the magnetic field of a current-carrying conductor
- The thumb points in the direction of conventional current
- Fingers curl in the direction of the magnetic field (North)
Magnetic Field Enhancement
- The strength of a magnetic field is enhanced at a specific location when a wire is formed into a loop
Solenoid
- A coil whose length is much longer than its radius
- Can use the right hand grip rule for a solenoid
- Fingers curl in the direction of conventional current
- The thumb points in the direction of the magnetic field (North)
Magnetism
- The fundamental nature of magnetism and therefore magnetic fields involves moving electric charges (positive and negative) or multiple charges in current
- Magnetic forces are felt when moving charges or current produce a magnetic field, and a second charge or current interacts with this external magnetic field
Fleming's Left Hand Rule
- A current-carrying conductor or a charged particle in an external magnetic field experiences a force unless the conductor or particle is parallel/anti-parallel to the magnetic field
- Thumb indicates the direction of force (F), the index finger the magnetic field (B), and the middle finger the velocity (V) or conventional current (I)
- If the charge is negative, the force is antiparallel
Force Size on a Charge in an External Magnetic Field
- Described by the formula: F = qvBsinθ
- Where:
- F = force, measured in Newtons (N)
- q = total number of charges, measured in Coulombs (C)
- v = drift velocity, measured in meters per second (ms⁻¹)
- B = magnetic field strength, measured in Tesla (T) or Weber per square meter (Wb m⁻²)
- θ = angle between the direction of the charge and the magnetic field
- Maximum force occurs when θ = 90° (perpendicular)
- Zero force occurs when θ = 0° (parallel/antiparallel)
Force Size on a Current-Carrying Conductor in an External Magnetic Field
- Described by the formula: F = ILBsinθ
- Where:
- F = force, measured in Newtons (N)
- I = conventional current, measured in Amperes (A)
- L = length of the conductor, measured in meters (m)
- B = magnetic field strength, measured in Tesla (T) or Weber per square meter (Wb m⁻²)
- θ = angle between the direction of the current and the magnetic field
- Maximum force is when θ = 90° (perpendicular)
- Zero force is when θ = 0° (parallel/antiparallel)
Magnetic Moment/Magnetic Dipole Moment
- A current-carrying loop sets up its own magnetic field and behaves as a magnetic dipole
- The strength of the magnetic dipole is determined by the magnetic dipole moment (µ), a vector quantity with SI units of Am²
- The formula is µ = IA
- Where I = current, measured in Amperes (Amp)
- A = area of the loop, measured in square meters (m²)
- This concept extends to any current confined to a circular path.
- A proton, being a hydrogen nucleus or a hydrogen ion (H⁺), exhibits this behavior.
- The net magnetic dipole moment of protons in the body is used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
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