Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of gradient echo pulse sequences in terms of scan time?

Reduced repetition time and smaller flip angles (correct)

Enhanced T2 weighting

Increased magnetic field homogeneity

Improved signal-to-noise ratio

What type of weighting can be obtained with gradient echo pulse sequences?

Only T2 and proton density weighting

Only T2 and T1 weighting

T1, proton density, and T2* weighting (correct)

Only T1 and proton density weighting

What is the reason for the flow sensitivity of gradient echo pulse sequences?

Magnetization transfer contrast

Diffusion weighting

The use of single slice breath hold acquisitions

The use of gradients that do not compensate for magnetic field inhomogeneities (correct)

What is a disadvantage of gradient echo pulse sequences compared to spin echo sequences?

Lower signal-to-noise ratio Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical state of most gradient echo sequences?

Steady state Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential application of gradient echo pulse sequences?

Magnetic resonance angiography Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Perfusion Weighted Imaging (PWI) in the diagnosis of abnormalities?

To study the uptake of contrast medium by the lesion Signup and view all the answers

In which type of MR imaging does high signal intensity appear at the area of restricted diffusion?

Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) Signup and view all the answers

What is the technique used in Functional MRI (fMRI) to demonstrate functional brain activity?

Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent (BOLD) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary application of Magnetization Transfer (MT) Contrast in MRI?

To suppress the background tissue and increase the conspicuity of vessels and certain disease processes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following MRI techniques is mainly useful in brain to differentiate salvageable and non-salvageable tissue after brain stroke?

Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Magnetization Transfer (MT) Contrast in TOF MRA images?

To suppress the background tissue and improve contrast in TOF MRA images Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of MRA?

To visualize the blood vessels more clearly than surrounding tissues Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following MRA techniques is commonly used to demonstrate arterial and venous flow in head, neck, and peripheral vessels?

Time of Flight MRA (TOF-MRA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of Phase Contrast MRA (PC-MRA) over Time of Flight MRA (TOF-MRA)?

Excellent background suppression Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of MRA technique?

Diffusion Weighted MRA (DW-MRA) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between GRE pulse sequences used in MRA and those used in other MRI techniques?

The flow sensitivity of the pulse sequences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following MRI techniques is most closely related to MRA?

Perfusion Weighted Imaging (PWI) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Gradient Echo Pulse Sequences

Primary advantage is reduced scan time due to efficient imaging and fewer radiofrequency pulses compared to other sequences.
Capable of producing T1 and T2* weighting, providing versatility in imaging contrast.
Flow sensitivity arises from the use of gradient fields, allowing the visualization of moving fluids like blood due to their unique phase shifts.

Disadvantages of Gradient Echo

Susceptibility to artifacts from magnetic field inhomogeneities, making them less reliable compared to spin echo sequences regarding signal uniformity.

Typical Characteristics & Applications

Most gradient echo sequences are typically in a steady-state condition, facilitating rapid image acquisition.
Potential applications include evaluating vascular structures, assessing blood flow, and studying perfusion dynamics.

Perfusion Weighted Imaging (PWI)

Aims to identify abnormalities by measuring blood flow in tissue, providing critical information in stroke and tumor assessment.

High Signal Intensity in MR Imaging

High signal intensity associated with areas of restricted diffusion typically occurs in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), important for detecting acute ischemic stroke.

Functional MRI (fMRI) Techniques

Utilizes Blood-Oxygen-Level Dependent (BOLD) contrast to demonstrate functional brain activity based on changes in blood flow and oxygenation.

Magnetization Transfer (MT) Contrast

Primarily applied in enhancing the contrast of certain tissues, aiding in the differentiation of healthy from diseased tissue in MRI.

Perfusion weighted imaging is crucial in differentiating salvageable tissue from non-salvageable tissue following brain strokes.

Magnetization Transfer in TOF MRA

Enhances the visualization of blood vessels and suppresses background signals, improving clarity of TOF MRA images.

Purpose of MRA

Designed to visualize blood vessels non-invasively, assessing their patency and any abnormalities.

Common MRA Techniques

Time of Flight (TOF) MRA is widely used for demonstrating arterial and venous flow in the head, neck, and peripheral vessels.

Phase Contrast MRA (PC-MRA)

Offers a main advantage in quantifying flow velocity, which is not typically possible with Time of Flight MRA.

MRA Techniques Overview

Common MRA technique not recognized includes single shot Fast Spin Echo (FSE) which is unrelated to MRA methodology.

GRE Pulse Sequences in MRA

Primary difference lies in their sensitivity to flow effects and the particular modifications of gradient pulses to optimize vascular imaging.

Relationship between MRI Techniques and MRA

Gradient Echo (GRE) imaging techniques are most closely related to MRA due to their shared use of gradient fields to enhance vascular visualization.

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Description

Test your knowledge of Magnetic Resonance Angiography, a technique used to visualize blood vessels. This quiz covers the principles and types of MRA, including Time of Flight and Phase-contrast MRA. Learn about GRE pulse sequences and how they contribute to high-quality images.