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Magnetic Field by a Straight Current

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Questions and Answers

What was the key observation made by Hans Christian Oersted in his experiment?

A stationary wire attracts magnetic materials

A current-carrying wire does not affect a nearby compass.

A current-carrying wire causes a nearby compass needle to deflect. (correct)

A current carrying wire stops the compass from working

What shape do the magnetic field lines form around a straight current-carrying wire?

Straight lines parallel to the wire

Lines that converge towards the wire

Spirals around the wire

Concentric circles centered on the wire (correct)

What precaution is mentioned to prevent over-current hazards when recreating Oersted's experiment?

use air cooled wires only

Use no more than 10 Amps of current.

Use a low voltage supply only

Use a rheostat and appropriately rated wires. (correct)

What does the plotting compass indicate about the magnetic field vector?

It always has the same direction. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a rheostat in the experimental setup?

To control the amount of current flowing through the wire. Signup and view all the answers

What is the right-hand grip rule used for in the context of magnetic fields from current-carrying wires?

To determine the direction of the magnetic field. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is stated as a source of magnetic field deflection, other than a wire carrying current?

A beam of electrons Signup and view all the answers

What does Maxwell's screw rule relate to, in the context of this text?

The direction of the magnetic field around a straight wire. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Magnetic Field by a Straight Current

Hans Christian Oersted first demonstrated the connection between electric currents and magnetic fields in 1820.
Field lines around a current-carrying wire form concentric circles in planes perpendicular to the wire.
To observe this pattern with iron filings, a wire with a large current and running vertically through a horizontal surface needs to be used.
This setup helps avoid over-current risks, so suitably wired wires and rheostats are used.
A plotting compass placed on the plane of study demonstrates a consistent magnetic field direction linked to the current's direction.
This relationship follows the right-hand grip rule.

Oersted's Experiment

Placing a current-carrying wire near a plotting compass deflects the compass into a plane perpendicular to the wire.
Replacing the wire with a solution of charged particles (like electrons or alpha particles) causes a similar compass deflection.
This indicates that the magnetic field is due to the current itself (flow of charge), not the wire material. This generalizes to any electrical current, regardless of the charge carriers (whether negative or positive charges).

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Description

Explore the principles of magnetic fields generated by electric currents. This quiz covers Oersted's experiments, the relationship between current direction and magnetic field, and techniques to visualize these fields. Test your understanding of the right-hand grip rule and the effects of charged particles on magnetic deflection.