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Magma Formation Factors Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the process of partial melting of the source rock called?

Fractional Melting

Diversification Processes

Anatexis (correct)

Equilibrium Melting

What are the characteristics of Incomplete Equilibrium Melting?

Continued reaction between solids and melt during the melting process

Enrichment of high-T minerals in the melt

Large crystal sizes and high magma viscosity (correct)

Low ion migration rates and fractional melting

What does Equilibrium Melting involve?

Addition or removal of chemicals in an open system

Enrichment of low-T minerals in the melt (correct)

Progressive enrichment of refractory minerals in the solid residue

Isolation of solids and melt into separate fractions

What does the Lever Rule calculate in a system?

Proportions of melt (liquid) and crystals (solid) Signup and view all the answers

In Gibb’s phase rule, what does 'P' represent?

Number of phases in a system Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the enriched low-T minerals as the degree of partial melting increases in Equilibrium Melting?

They become progressively less enriched in the melt Signup and view all the answers

What is the main composition of magma according to the text?

Mostly silicate Signup and view all the answers

What type of equilibria allows both pressure and temperature to change independently without altering the state of the system?

Divariant Equilibria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of basaltic magma generation at ocean spreading ridges and continental rifts?

Decreasing pressure Signup and view all the answers

What effect does high volatile content under pressure have on melting temperature of rocks?

Lowers the melting temperature Signup and view all the answers

At what depth is the lithostatic stress reduced, leading to a decrease in rock melting temperature?

At 10 km depth Signup and view all the answers

What does partial melting remove from the source rock and concentrate into the new magma?

Potassium and sodium Signup and view all the answers