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Questions and Answers
Which dynasty succeeded the Shishunaga Dynasty in the Magadha Empire?
Which dynasty succeeded the Shishunaga Dynasty in the Magadha Empire?
Kalasoka was the first ruler of the Nanda Dynasty.
Kalasoka was the first ruler of the Nanda Dynasty.
False
What significant achievement is attributed to Shishunaga?
What significant achievement is attributed to Shishunaga?
Destruction of the power of Avanti
The capital of the Magadha Empire was initially located in ______.
The capital of the Magadha Empire was initially located in ______.
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Match the rulers with their achievements:
Match the rulers with their achievements:
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Which statement best describes Mahapadma Nanda?
Which statement best describes Mahapadma Nanda?
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Sisunaga became king due to a popular uprising during Nagadasaka's reign.
Sisunaga became king due to a popular uprising during Nagadasaka's reign.
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During whose reign was the capital of the Magadha Empire shifted to Pataliputra?
During whose reign was the capital of the Magadha Empire shifted to Pataliputra?
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What was the capital of the Haryanka dynasty under Bimbisara?
What was the capital of the Haryanka dynasty under Bimbisara?
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Ajatashatru was known for being a pacifist and avoiding conflicts.
Ajatashatru was known for being a pacifist and avoiding conflicts.
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Who was the first king to maintain a standing army in the Magadha Empire?
Who was the first king to maintain a standing army in the Magadha Empire?
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Bimbisara followed a policy of conquest and expansion, notably conquering _____ during his reign.
Bimbisara followed a policy of conquest and expansion, notably conquering _____ during his reign.
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Which of the following was a significant achievement of Ajatashatru during his reign?
Which of the following was a significant achievement of Ajatashatru during his reign?
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Match the rulers of the Haryanka dynasty with their notable actions:
Match the rulers of the Haryanka dynasty with their notable actions:
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What innovative weaponry did Ajatashatru use during his military campaigns?
What innovative weaponry did Ajatashatru use during his military campaigns?
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Udayin was the last of the major rulers of the Haryanka dynasty and built a fort at _____ located by the rivers.
Udayin was the last of the major rulers of the Haryanka dynasty and built a fort at _____ located by the rivers.
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What title was given to the last Nanda king?
What title was given to the last Nanda king?
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The Nanda dynasty was considered dharmik.
The Nanda dynasty was considered dharmik.
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What did the Nanda king's empire extend from in the north to the south?
What did the Nanda king's empire extend from in the north to the south?
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The Nanda king's military included ____ infantry and ____ cavalry.
The Nanda king's military included ____ infantry and ____ cavalry.
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Match the following terms with their meanings:
Match the following terms with their meanings:
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Which region did the Nanda king conquer as a trophy?
Which region did the Nanda king conquer as a trophy?
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The total number of war elephants in the Nanda king's army was 10,000.
The total number of war elephants in the Nanda king's army was 10,000.
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How long did the Nanda king's rule last?
How long did the Nanda king's rule last?
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The Nanda king was known as '____' due to his dominance over other princes.
The Nanda king was known as '____' due to his dominance over other princes.
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What was the common perception of the Nanda dynasty's lineage?
What was the common perception of the Nanda dynasty's lineage?
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How many infantry did the Nandas have?
How many infantry did the Nandas have?
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Dhana Nanda was the first Nanda ruler.
Dhana Nanda was the first Nanda ruler.
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What was the capital of Bimbisara's kingdom?
What was the capital of Bimbisara's kingdom?
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Bimbisara was a contemporary of _____ and Mahavira.
Bimbisara was a contemporary of _____ and Mahavira.
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Match the following kings to their notable actions:
Match the following kings to their notable actions:
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What tactic did Ajatashatru employ during wars?
What tactic did Ajatashatru employ during wars?
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Udayin was the first king to build a fort at the confluence of Ganges and Son rivers.
Udayin was the first king to build a fort at the confluence of Ganges and Son rivers.
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Who was the last ruler of the Nanda dynasty?
Who was the last ruler of the Nanda dynasty?
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The Shishunaga dynasty lasted from _____ to _____.
The Shishunaga dynasty lasted from _____ to _____.
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Match the kings to their family relations:
Match the kings to their family relations:
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Which king is known to have started the practice of political marriages?
Which king is known to have started the practice of political marriages?
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Mahapadma Nanda was the first royal ruler of the Kshatriya caste.
Mahapadma Nanda was the first royal ruler of the Kshatriya caste.
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What was the relationship between Ajatashatru and his mother?
What was the relationship between Ajatashatru and his mother?
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The capital of Ajatashatru's dynasty was _____ before it was moved.
The capital of Ajatashatru's dynasty was _____ before it was moved.
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Study Notes
Magadha Empire - Haryanka Dynasty
- The Haryankas were the first powerful dynasty in Magadha.
Bimbisara (558 BCE – 491 BCE)
- Son of Bhatia.
- Ruled for 52 years (544 BC – 492 BC), according to Buddhist chronology.
- Contemporaries and followers of Buddha.
- Admired Mahavira.
- Capital at Girivraja/Rajgriha (Rajgir).
- Surrounded by five hills with stone walls.
- Also known as Shreni.
- Established a standing army, giving Magadha prominence under his leadership.
- Had a rivalry with Avanti King Pradyota, later becoming friends.
- Sent royal physician Jivaka to Ujjain when Pradyota became ill.
- Used matrimonial alliances to strengthen political position.
- Had three wives: Kosaladevi, Chellana, and Khema.
- Conquered Anga.
- Established an efficient and excellent administrative system, with officials divided into: executive, military, and judicial branches.
Ajatashatru (492 BC – 460 BC)
- Son of Bimbisara and Chellana.
- Killed his father and became ruler.
- Accepted Buddhism.
- Convened the first Buddhist council at Rajagriha in 483 BCE, following Buddha's death.
- Won battles against Kosala and Vaishali.
- Conquered Vaishali after a 16-year war, incorporating it into his empire.
- Employed war machines (like slingshot-like stone-throwers and mace-equipped chariots) for warfare, resulting in mass killings.
- Ajatashatru fortified Rajgriha to defend against an invasion attempt by the Avanti ruler.
Udayabhadra/Udayin (460 BCE – 444 BCE)
- Son of Ajatashatru.
- Transferred the capital to Pataliputra (Patna).
- Significant for building the fort at Pataliputra, strategically located at the confluence of the Ganga and Son rivers.
- Expanded Magadha's territory from the Himalayas in the north to the Chhotanagpur hills in the south.
- Killed by Palak of Avanti.
- Succeeded by three kings: Aniruddha, Manda, and Nagadasaka.
Shishunaga Dynasty
- The Shishunaga dynasty succeeded the Haryankas.
- Sisunaga, a minister, became king after Nagadasaka.
- Ruled from 413 BCE to 345 BCE.
- Capital was shifted from Girivraja to Vaishali
- Key achievement: destroying Avanti's power, ending a 100-year rivalry between Magadha and Avanti.
- Capital was later shifted to Pataliputra.
- Kalasoka was the last ruler in the dynasty.
Nanda Dynasty
- The Nanda Dynasty was the first non-Kshatriya dynasty.
- Ruled from 345 BCE to 321 BCE.
- Mahapadma Nanda usurped Kalasoka's throne.
- Mahapadma Nanda is considered the first historical emperor of India.
- Dhana Nanda was the last Nanda ruler.
- In Greek texts, the Nandas were called agrams or xandrames.
- The empire flourished under Dhana Nanda, expanding from the Kuru country in the north to the Godavari valley in the South.
- He conquered the Kalinga region, and brought an image of Jina as a trophy.
- Kosala likely rebelled against him.
- The Nandas maintained a large army (200,000 infantry, 60,000 cavalry, and 6,000 war elephants) through a strong taxation system.
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Description
Explore the significant events and leaders of the Haryanka Dynasty in the Magadha Empire, including Bimbisara and Ajatashatru. Learn about their reigns, political strategies, and contributions to the empire's prominence. Test your knowledge of this crucial period in ancient Indian history.
