Macrolides in Antibiotics

A class of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing the formation of peptide bonds.

The action of a drug that inhibits bacterial growth but does not kill the bacteria.

The ability of bacteria to resist the effects of an antibiotic, often due to mutations in their ribosomes or the production of enzymes that degrade the antibiotic.

When a bacterium becomes resistant to one antibiotic, it also often becomes resistant to similar antibiotics in the same drug class.

The first macrolide discovered, used for infections like those caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, and some Rickettsia.

The spectrum of bacterial species that an antibiotic is effective against.

The process of administering medication via the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, either orally (swallowing) or rectally.

The process of administering medication directly into a vein (IV) using a needle.

Inflammation or irritation of a vein, often a side effect of IV medications.

A condition where the electrical activity of the heart is disrupted, leading to an abnormal, potentially life-threatening heart rhythm.

An enzyme in the liver that plays an important role in drug metabolism.

The ability of certain drugs to inhibit the activity of hepatic microsomal enzymes, affecting the metabolism of other drugs.

A macrolide with an extended duration of action, allowing for twice-daily dosing.

A macrolide effective against H. pylori, Mycobacterium avium intracellulare, Mycobacterium leprae, and some protozoans.

A long-acting macrolide with once-daily dosing, used for a variety of infections, including Legionella, Chlamydia, Pertussis, and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC).

A macrolide used in combination with metronidazole against anaerobic bacteria, particularly effective for infections like Toxoplasmosis and Cryptosporidiosis.

A macrolide with once-daily dosing, used for respiratory tract infections.

A serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, characterized by violent coughing fits.

A serious infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae, characterized by a thick, gray membrane in the throat.

A sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Haemophilus ducreyi, characterized by painful sores on the genitals.

A group of infections caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis, including pneumonia, conjunctivitis, and sexually transmitted infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease.

Inflammation of the epididymis, a coiled tube in the testicles, often caused by a sexually transmitted infection.

Infection or inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside the body.

Bacterial infection of the lungs, characterized by coughing, fever, and difficulty breathing.

A serious infection of the uterine tubes, ovaries, and surrounding pelvic organs, often caused by sexually transmitted infections.

An inflammation of the conjunctiva, the clear membrane lining the inside of the eyelids and covering the white part of the eye.

A severe form of conjunctivitis, often caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, that can lead to blindness if left untreated.

A life-threatening infection caused by the bacterium Legionella pneumophila, often spread through contaminated water systems.

A bacterial infection of the stomach, characterized by nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain.

A parasitic infection caused by Toxoplasma gondii, affecting the brain, eyes, and other organs, often in immunocompromised individuals.

Gastrointestinal infection caused by Cryptosporidium parasites, often transmitted through contaminated water.

A serious bacterial infection of the meninges, the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord, often caused by the bacteria Neisseria meningitidis.

A bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum, a sexually transmitted infection that can have serious consequences if left untreated.

A bacterial infection often caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a sexually transmitted infection that can cause infertility and other complications.

A bacterial infection caused by Salmonella typhi, a serious illness that can be fatal.