Macroeconomics: Economic Models and Theories

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Questions and Answers

According to the Solow-Swan model, an increase in the savings rate will lead to which of the following long-run effects?

  • A permanently higher level of output per capita. (correct)
  • No change in the level of output per capita.
  • A permanently higher growth rate of output.
  • A permanently lower level of output per capita.

Which of the following fiscal policy actions is most likely to decrease aggregate demand in the short run?

  • A decrease in government spending. (correct)
  • An increase in transfer payments.
  • An increase in government borrowing.
  • A decrease in taxes.

According to Keynesian economics, what is the primary determinant of employment levels in the short run?

  • The supply of labor.
  • The level of aggregate demand. (correct)
  • The flexibility of wages and prices.
  • The natural rate of unemployment.

In an open economy, what is the likely effect of an increase in the domestic interest rate on the exchange rate, assuming other factors remain constant?

<p>The domestic currency will appreciate. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Suppose the interest rate in the U.S. is 5% and the interest rate in the Eurozone is 3%. According to the uncovered interest rate parity condition, what is the expected change in the exchange rate between the Euro and the U.S. dollar?

<p>The Euro is expected to depreciate by 2%. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) according to the expenditure approach?

<p>Net Savings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary relationship illustrated by the IS curve?

<p>The relationship between interest rates and the level of income that equates planned expenditure with output. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fiscal policy action would be the most effective at fighting demand-pull inflation?

<p>Increasing taxes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Phillips Curve, a decrease in unemployment is most likely to be associated with which of the following?

<p>An increase in inflation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a closed economy, if government spending increases by $100 billion and the marginal propensity to consume is 0.8, what is the maximum possible increase in national income, assuming no crowding out?

<p>$500 billion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Harrod-Domar Model

A model focusing on savings, investment, and population growth to explain economic growth.

Phillips Curve

Shows the inverse relationship between unemployment and inflation in an economy.

Fiscal Policy

Government's use of spending and taxation to influence the economy.

Keynesian Economics

Argues that aggregate demand is the primary factor in determining employment and output in an economy.

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Exchange Rate

The price of one currency expressed in terms of another.

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Interest Rate

The cost of borrowing money, expressed as a percentage.

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Interest Rate Parity

A condition where the difference in interest rates between two countries equals the expected change in exchange rates.

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Trade Balance

The difference between a country's exports and imports.

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Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

Total value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time.

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IS-LM Model

A macroeconomic model that shows the interaction between the goods market (IS curve) and the money market (LM curve) to determine aggregate output and interest rates.

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Study Notes

  • Economic growth models include the Harrod-Domar model.
  • The Phillips Curve illustrates the inverse relationship between inflation and unemployment.
  • Fiscal policy tools can influence economic activity.

Keynesian Economics

  • Keynes' theories address employment and interest rate dynamics.

Open vs. Closed Economy

  • Exchange rates and interest rates behave differently in open versus closed economies.

Interest Rate Parity

  • Interest rate parity affects trade balance.
  • National income concepts are important for macroeconomic analysis.
  • IS-LM model is used for macroeconomic analysis.

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