Podcast
Questions and Answers
________________ economists place an emphasis on __________ run economic performance.
________________ economists place an emphasis on __________ run economic performance.
Neoclassical; long
In the long run, the economy seems to rebound back to its _____________ and its ____________________.
In the long run, the economy seems to rebound back to its _____________ and its ____________________.
potential GDP; natural rate of unemployment
What does a vertical AS curve mean in terms of real GDP?
What does a vertical AS curve mean in terms of real GDP?
The level of aggregate supply will determine the real GDP of the economy, regardless of the level of aggregate demand.
In the neoclassical model, economic growth over time shifts potential GDP and the ______________ gradually to the right.
In the neoclassical model, economic growth over time shifts potential GDP and the ______________ gradually to the right.
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The theory of _____________________ holds that people will use all information available to them to form the most accurate possible expectations about the future.
The theory of _____________________ holds that people will use all information available to them to form the most accurate possible expectations about the future.
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If the ______________________ is vertical over time, then people should rationally expect this pattern.
If the ______________________ is vertical over time, then people should rationally expect this pattern.
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What does the Keynesian view of economics assume?
What does the Keynesian view of economics assume?
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What is likely to occur if a neoclassical model shows increasing wages in the economy over the long run?
What is likely to occur if a neoclassical model shows increasing wages in the economy over the long run?
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If the neoclassical argument that the economy always moves back to potential GDP is accepted, what will be more important?
If the neoclassical argument that the economy always moves back to potential GDP is accepted, what will be more important?
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What will the level of cyclical unemployment be when an economy is producing at potential GDP?
What will the level of cyclical unemployment be when an economy is producing at potential GDP?
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Referring to a Keynesian Phillips curve, what is likely to occur with a reduction in inflation?
Referring to a Keynesian Phillips curve, what is likely to occur with a reduction in inflation?
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A typical Keynesian aggregate supply (AS) curve _______________ and a typical Keynesian Phillips curve _____________.
A typical Keynesian aggregate supply (AS) curve _______________ and a typical Keynesian Phillips curve _____________.
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In short-run Keynesian analysis, what will a rise in aggregate demand lead to?
In short-run Keynesian analysis, what will a rise in aggregate demand lead to?
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In the neoclassical view, the economy has a ___________________________ to move back to potential GDP.
In the neoclassical view, the economy has a ___________________________ to move back to potential GDP.
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From the neoclassical view, what will be more important if productivity growth has fallen?
From the neoclassical view, what will be more important if productivity growth has fallen?
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The ___________________ argument tends to view inflation as a cost that offers no offsetting gains in terms of lower unemployment.
The ___________________ argument tends to view inflation as a cost that offers no offsetting gains in terms of lower unemployment.
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Which of the following is most strongly supported by the Keynesian perspective of macroeconomics?
Which of the following is most strongly supported by the Keynesian perspective of macroeconomics?
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Which of the following is a building block of neoclassical economics?
Which of the following is a building block of neoclassical economics?
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Which of the following represents a Keynesian point of view of macroeconomics?
Which of the following represents a Keynesian point of view of macroeconomics?
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The neoclassical view holds that long-term expansion of potential GDP due to _______________________ will determine ____________________.
The neoclassical view holds that long-term expansion of potential GDP due to _______________________ will determine ____________________.
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In the neoclassical version of the AD/AS model, how should you represent the AS curve?
In the neoclassical version of the AD/AS model, how should you represent the AS curve?
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In the neoclassical model, what causes the AS curve to shift to the right over time?
In the neoclassical model, what causes the AS curve to shift to the right over time?
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Which of the following is a valid criticism of the rational expectations theory?
Which of the following is a valid criticism of the rational expectations theory?
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In the long-run neoclassical view, when wages and prices are flexible, what determines the size of real GDP?
In the long-run neoclassical view, when wages and prices are flexible, what determines the size of real GDP?
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From a neoclassical view, which of the following is less important?
From a neoclassical view, which of the following is less important?
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From a neoclassical perspective, which of the following would most likely be viewed as an element that underpins long-run productivity growth?
From a neoclassical perspective, which of the following would most likely be viewed as an element that underpins long-run productivity growth?
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What must occur to shift the vertical supply curve to the left?
What must occur to shift the vertical supply curve to the left?
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Why do neoclassical economists tend to put relatively more emphasis on long-term growth than on fighting recession?
Why do neoclassical economists tend to put relatively more emphasis on long-term growth than on fighting recession?
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If aggregate supply is vertical, then aggregate demand does not affect:
If aggregate supply is vertical, then aggregate demand does not affect:
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Study Notes
Neoclassical Economics
- Neoclassical economists emphasize long-run economic performance, focusing on potential GDP and natural unemployment rates.
- A vertical aggregate supply (AS) curve indicates real GDP is determined by potential GDP, not affected by aggregate demand levels.
Economic Growth and AS Curve
- In the neoclassical model, long-term economic growth shifts potential GDP and the vertical AS curve to the right.
- The theory of rational expectations suggests people utilize all available information to form accurate future expectations.
Keyneisan vs. Neoclassical Views
- The Keynesian perspective assumes wages are sticky, leading to potential disparities between real GDP and potential GDP.
- A neoclassical model showing increasing wages may result in a subsequent price level increase (inflation).
Employment and Inflation Dynamics
- If the economy consistently returns to potential GDP, a greater emphasis is placed on encouraging long-term growth.
- Cyclical unemployment will be zero when the economy produces at potential GDP.
Phillips Curve Insights
- The Keynesian Phillips curve indicates that reducing inflation can lead to an increase in unemployment.
- A typical Keynesian AS curve slopes upward while the Phillips curve slopes downward.
Aggregate Demand Influences
- A rise in business confidence boosts investment and lowers unemployment in a short-run Keynesian analysis.
- Neoclassical economics posits a self-correcting tendency for the economy to return to potential GDP.
Productivity and Economic Conditions
- In scenarios of declining productivity growth, the long-term growth rate of productivity becomes crucial.
- The neoclassical perspective views inflation as a cost with no compensating benefits in terms of unemployment reduction.
Building Blocks of Economic Theories
- The neoclassical model asserts that wages and prices adjust flexibly, while the Keynesian view promotes increasing aggregate demand to reduce unemployment.
- Long-term expansions of potential GDP, driven by economic growth, dictate the economy's size.
AS Curve Representation
- In the neoclassical AD/AS model, the AS curve is represented as a vertical line at the level of potential GDP.
- Productivity increases lead to rightward shifts in the AS curve over time.
Theories and Criticisms
- A notable critique of rational expectations theory is the strength of its assumptions.
- In the long run, real GDP size is determined by potential GDP and aggregate supply, particularly when wages and prices are flexible.
Economic Priorities
- From a neoclassical standpoint, combating unemployment is less critical compared to supporting long-term growth.
- Investments in human capital are viewed as vital for sustaining long-run productivity growth.
Market Institutions and Growth
- A leftward shift in the vertical supply curve may occur due to the breakdown of key market institutions.
- Neoclassical economists prioritize long-term growth over fighting recessions, as living standards are fundamentally tied to long-term economic expansion.
Output and Aggregate Demand
- If aggregate supply is vertical, changes in aggregate demand do not influence the quantity of output produced in the economy.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of key concepts from Chapter 13 of Macroeconomics with these flashcards. This chapter focuses on the neoclassical perspective, long-run economic performance, potential GDP, and the natural rate of unemployment. Ideal for students looking to reinforce their understanding of macroeconomic principles.
