Macro Perspective of Tourism

Questions and Answers

What was a significant factor that led to the dominance of the Greek Empire in the Mediterranean?

Their trade agreements with Rome

The invention of the printing press

Their extensive land and sea travels (correct)

The establishment of public schools

What type of facility provided shelter and safety for caravans during their travels in ancient times?

Motels

Monasteries

Hostels

Khans (correct)

During the Medieval Period, why did innkeeping decline after the fall of the Roman Empire?

Local laws prohibited travelers

Travel became forbidden

There were too many inns

Monasteries could not accommodate travelers (correct)

What innovative hospitality service emerged during the Early Modern Period due to stagecoach travel?

Coaching inns Signup and view all the answers

In the 18th century in England, what was the common term for a main meal served at coffee houses and taverns?

Ordinary Signup and view all the answers

What challenged the hospitality industry during the Early Modern Period?

Bad road conditions Signup and view all the answers

Which hospitality service increased in number and varied in standards during the Medieval Period?

Taverns and inns Signup and view all the answers

What role did the Church play in providing hospitality during the Medieval Period?

They delivered hospitality primarily to the poor Signup and view all the answers

What does the Hebrew word 'torah,' from which the term tourism is derived, mean?

Studying, learning, or searching Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient civilization contributed significantly to facilitating travel through innovations like the invention of money and writing?

Sumerians Signup and view all the answers

What was a requirement for English pilgrims starting in 1388?

To carry permits, the precursor to passports Signup and view all the answers

During the Medieval Period, why did travel become burdensome and dangerous?

Decline of the Roman Empire and unsafe roads Signup and view all the answers

What was the 'Grand Tour' that became recognized by the end of the 18th century?

A three-year educational travel habit for young gentlemen Signup and view all the answers

What type of travel did the sick individuals seek during the Renaissance and Elizabethan eras?

Medical remedies through spas and baths Signup and view all the answers

How did the Industrial Revolution change tourism?

It made travel a desirable recreational activity Signup and view all the answers

Which spa became famous in the 1660s for its medical baths?

Tunbridge Wells, Kent Signup and view all the answers

What significant change in food service occurred in France in 1765?

Boulanger opened a business selling soups and broths. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguished Cesar Ritz in the hospitality industry?

He made the Savoy Hotel a cultural center for high society. Signup and view all the answers

Which travel pattern is most significant between the United States and Europe?

Intracontinental travel within Europe. Signup and view all the answers

What factor is NOT mentioned as favoring the growth of tourism and hospitality?

Increase in climate change awareness. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a demographic trend influencing the hospitality industry?

Increase in the number of retired individuals with the desire to travel. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'restaurants' introduced by Boulanger?

Businesses that provide restorative foods like soups. Signup and view all the answers

Which air traffic route is noted for its heavy flow into Europe?

New York to London. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors is related to greater mobility in the population?

Rising disposable incomes. Signup and view all the answers

What key factor stimulated pleasure travel during the Industrial Revolution?

Increase of wealth and a prosperous middle class Signup and view all the answers

What form of travel characterized early tourism in ancient civilizations?

Travel for business and religion Signup and view all the answers

Which ancient civilization is credited with establishing taverns for traders?

Sumerians Signup and view all the answers

What impact did the fall of the Roman Empire have on travel?

Hindered travel due to various factors Signup and view all the answers

What period is known for the Grand Tour, where scholars explored Western Europe?

Renaissance period Signup and view all the answers

How did monasteries contribute to hospitality after the fall of the Roman Empire?

They provided shelter and food to travelers Signup and view all the answers

What was one characteristic of the hospitality industry during the Middle Ages?

Organized establishment of restaurant guilds Signup and view all the answers

What role did spas play during the Renaissance period?

Facilities for medical treatment through mineral baths Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributed to the growth of tourism and hospitality in the 19th and 20th centuries?

Increase in mass education Signup and view all the answers

What was established in the Philippines to promote the tourism and hospitality industry?

Department of Tourism Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is recognized for his contributions to the tourism and hospitality industry?

Cesar Ritz Signup and view all the answers

What key factor increased the demand for travel in the 20th century?

Paid holidays Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following influenced international travel patterns?

Economic prosperity Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the components that contributed to the evolution of dining out in the 19th century?

Introduction of à la carte dining Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main benefits that arose from the introduction of jet aircraft in tourism?

Wider accessibility to destinations Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a significant societal change that influenced the tourism industry?

Growth in the number of retirees Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Origins of Tourism

The term "tourism" derives from the Hebrew word "torah," meaning studying or searching.
Early references to tourism can be traced in the Old Testament, with Noah's Ark as a metaphor for travel.
The Book of Ezekiel mentions trade and commerce in ancient times.

Early Forms of Tourism

Trading emerged with the Sumerians' invention of money, writing, and the wheel, facilitating travel.
Pilgrimages for religious purposes were common, exemplified by Chaucer’s pilgrimage to Canterbury, with permits required since 1388, foreshadowing modern passports.

Medieval Period Tourism

Travel became dangerous and burdensome after the fall of the Roman Empire in the 5th century; only crusaders and pilgrims ventured out.
The decline in road maintenance led to unsafe travel conditions.

Renaissance and Elizabethan Eras

Under Elizabeth I, it became customary for young men to travel to Europe for educational purposes, culminating in the "Grand Tour."
The practice of seeking cures at spas became popular, with Turnbridge Wells recognized as a notable spa in the 1660s.

Industrial Revolution Impact

The Industrial Revolution transformed tourism, making travel more desirable due to social changes.
The Greek Empire developed overnight accommodations such as inns and taverns, crucial for trade and tourism.

Hospitality Industry Development

After the Roman Empire's collapse, innkeeping declined, and churches provided hospitality.
Limited travel options existed, but slowly, taverns and inns catered to travelers, despite varying standards.

Early Modern Period (1600-1800)

Ordinary taverns offered fixed price meals; stagecoach travel led to the establishment of coaching inns.
Improvements in inn quality and the introduction of French restaurants became significant.

Pioneers of Tourism and Hospitality

Cesar Ritz, famous for managing The Savoy Hotel, established a luxury standard that endures today with the Ritz-Carlton brand attached to his name.

International Travel Patterns

Significant travel flows occur between the US and Western Europe, complemented by regional movement across South America, the Caribbean, and Asia.
Europe generates a significant number of overseas travelers to the US due to the popularity of intra-European travel.

Factors Supporting Tourism Growth

Rising discretionary income and increased retirement population prompting travel.
Improvements in mobility and transportation, including credit availability through financial institutions.
Changing social structures with smaller families, higher education, and a growth in single-person households.

Summary of Tourism and Hospitality Evolution

Tourism dates back to ancient civilizations with motivations rooted in trade and religion.
The hospitality industry evolved from early Sumerian taverns to organized inns during the Middle Ages.
The Renaissance emphasized educational tours and the popularity of spas for health improvement.
The Industrial Revolution marked a shift towards leisure travel, facilitated by technological advancements and economic conditions.

Factors Influencing Modern Tourism

Developments like the introduction of jet travel and social changes in the 19th and 20th centuries encouraged an ongoing demand for pleasure travel.
Economic prosperity, leisure time availability, and educational advancements have consistently driven the growth of tourism and hospitality industries.

Future Directions

Anticipate the evolution of travel over the next two decades, the enduring appeal of events like the Olympic Games, and explore the historical origins of hospitality in specific regions like the Philippines.

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Description

Explore the origins and development of tourism from ancient times, including its roots in the Old Testament. This quiz delves into the historical context and two early forms of tourism, with a focus on trading and the advancements made by the Sumerians. Join us as we uncover the evolution of this vital industry.