42 Questions
EASY What is the primary purpose of layout in machining or hand tool operations?
To guide the worker with boundaries, centres, and other locations
Why is it necessary to prepare the surface with a marking material before scribing?
To ensure the scribed lines will be legible
What type of marking material is used on a clean surface?
Blue vitriol (copper sulfate)
What is the primary purpose of a steel square?
To provide a straight edge for scribing lines
What is the primary purpose of a scriber?
To scribe lines on the surface of the work piece
What is the primary purpose of hermaphrodite calipers?
To scribe lines parallel to an edge
What is the angle of the point on a prick punch?
60°
What is the material used to make punches?
Tool steel
What is the purpose of the prick punch?
To make light indentations on layout lines and provide starting points for dividers
What is the characteristic of a good layout?
Layout lines should be accurate
What is used to test for flat surfaces?
Surface plate
What is the purpose of the centre punch?
To make heavier indentations to locate centres for holes to be drilled
How is a divider adjusted?
With a screw and a knurled nut
Why is it important to keep a divider sharp?
To ensure accurate measurements
MEDIUM What is the primary reason why the surface must be free of dirt and grease before applying blue vitriol?
To ensure the blue vitriol solution sticks to the surface.
What is the primary function of a scriber?
To scribe layout lines on metal surfaces.
What type of material is used to make a prick punch?
Tool steel
What is the purpose of hermaphrodite calipers?
To scribe layout lines parallel to an edge.
Why is accuracy important in layout?
It ensures the finished job is accurate.
What is the purpose of applying layout ink or dye to a surface?
To allow scribed lines to be legible.
What is the angle of the point on a centre punch?
90°
Why must a scriber be kept very sharp?
To ensure a very thin scribe line is produced.
What is the purpose of the dividers in layout operations?
To measure distances accurately
What is the characteristic of a well-prepared surface for layout operations?
The surface should be clean and evenly covered with a marking material
What is the purpose of the centre punch in layout operations?
To make heavier indentations to locate centres for holes to be drilled
What is the purpose of the prick punch in layout operations?
To make light indentations on layout lines
How is the top of a surface plate finished?
It is scraped to form an extremely true and flat surface
Why is it important to keep a divider sharp?
To ensure accurate measurements
What is the primary purpose of the prick punch and centre punch in layout operations?
To make light and heavy indentations respectively
Hard What is the characteristic of a surface plate?
It is machined on the top, bottom, and usually the ends and sides
What is the purpose of the tapered legs of a divider?
To increase the accuracy of measurements
What is the importance of having a uniform depth in prick punched layout lines?
It helps to ensure the accuracy of the layout
What is the purpose of scraping the top of a surface plate?
To remove any imperfections and obtain a true and flat surface
Why is it important to keep a divider sharp?
To increase the accuracy of measurements
What is the primary reason why a steel ruler is used in conjunction with a scriber during layout operations?
To provide a straight edge for scribing lines
What is the characteristic of a surface that has been prepared for layout operations using blue vitriol?
The surface is clean and free of dirt and grease
What is the primary difference between a prick punch and a centre punch?
The angle of the point
What is the purpose of using a marking material such as chalk or soapstone on a rough surface?
To provide a visible line for scribing
What is the primary reason why hermaphrodite calipers are used in layout operations?
To scribe lines parallel to an edge
What is the consequence of not preparing a surface properly before applying a marking material?
The marking material will not stick to the surface
What is the primary reason why a scriber must be kept very sharp?
To produce a very thin scribe line
What is the primary purpose of using layout ink or dye on a surface?
To provide a visible line for scribing
Study Notes
Layout in Machining
- Layout involves scribing required dimensions onto the work piece surface with a sharp instrument before machining or performing a hand tool operation.
- Layout lines show boundaries, centres, and other locations, guiding the worker during the process.
Marking Materials
- When scribing lines on metal surfaces, a marking material is necessary to prepare the surface, making the scribed lines legible.
- Different marking materials are used, including:
- Chalk or soapstone for rough surfaces of castings or steel
- Layout ink or dye for general surface application
- Blue vitriol (copper sulfate) for clean surfaces, requiring a clean and grease-free surface
Layout Tools
- Ruler: a steel ruler used for measuring and as a straight edge for scribing lines
- Steel Square: a highly accurate tool made from high-grade tool steel, consisting of a beam and blade at right angles to each other
- Scriber: a steel rod with a sharp, hardened point and a handle, used for scribing layout lines, requiring frequent sharpening
- Hermaphrodite Calipers: used to scribe lines parallel to an edge, with one leg blunt and bent, and the other leg having a scriber point
- Prick Punches & Centre Punches: made from hardened and tempered tool steel, used to make light and heavy indentations on layout lines and locate centres for holes
- Dividers: used for measuring distances, with two straight legs tapered to a needle point, requiring sharpness
- Surface Plate: a flat, close-grained, cast-iron plate used to test for flat surfaces and perform various layout operations
Characteristics of a Good Layout
- The surface of the work should be evenly covered with a suitable layout material
- Scribed lines should be single, clear, and sharp
- Layout lines should be prick punched lightly, with evenly spaced and uniformly deep marks
- Layout lines should be accurate
Layout in Machining
- Layout involves scribing required dimensions onto the work piece surface with a sharp instrument before machining or performing a hand tool operation.
- Layout lines show boundaries, centres, and other locations, guiding the worker during the process.
Marking Materials
- When scribing lines on metal surfaces, a marking material is necessary to prepare the surface, making the scribed lines legible.
- Different marking materials are used, including:
- Chalk or soapstone for rough surfaces of castings or steel
- Layout ink or dye for general surface application
- Blue vitriol (copper sulfate) for clean surfaces, requiring a clean and grease-free surface
Layout Tools
- Ruler: a steel ruler used for measuring and as a straight edge for scribing lines
- Steel Square: a highly accurate tool made from high-grade tool steel, consisting of a beam and blade at right angles to each other
- Scriber: a steel rod with a sharp, hardened point and a handle, used for scribing layout lines, requiring frequent sharpening
- Hermaphrodite Calipers: used to scribe lines parallel to an edge, with one leg blunt and bent, and the other leg having a scriber point
- Prick Punches & Centre Punches: made from hardened and tempered tool steel, used to make light and heavy indentations on layout lines and locate centres for holes
- Dividers: used for measuring distances, with two straight legs tapered to a needle point, requiring sharpness
- Surface Plate: a flat, close-grained, cast-iron plate used to test for flat surfaces and perform various layout operations
Characteristics of a Good Layout
- The surface of the work should be evenly covered with a suitable layout material
- Scribed lines should be single, clear, and sharp
- Layout lines should be prick punched lightly, with evenly spaced and uniformly deep marks
- Layout lines should be accurate
Layout in Machining
- Layout involves scribing required dimensions onto the work piece surface with a sharp instrument before machining or performing a hand tool operation.
- Layout lines show boundaries, centres, and other locations, guiding the worker during the process.
Marking Materials
- When scribing lines on metal surfaces, a marking material is necessary to prepare the surface, making the scribed lines legible.
- Different marking materials are used, including:
- Chalk or soapstone for rough surfaces of castings or steel
- Layout ink or dye for general surface application
- Blue vitriol (copper sulfate) for clean surfaces, requiring a clean and grease-free surface
Layout Tools
- Ruler: a steel ruler used for measuring and as a straight edge for scribing lines
- Steel Square: a highly accurate tool made from high-grade tool steel, consisting of a beam and blade at right angles to each other
- Scriber: a steel rod with a sharp, hardened point and a handle, used for scribing layout lines, requiring frequent sharpening
- Hermaphrodite Calipers: used to scribe lines parallel to an edge, with one leg blunt and bent, and the other leg having a scriber point
- Prick Punches & Centre Punches: made from hardened and tempered tool steel, used to make light and heavy indentations on layout lines and locate centres for holes
- Dividers: used for measuring distances, with two straight legs tapered to a needle point, requiring sharpness
- Surface Plate: a flat, close-grained, cast-iron plate used to test for flat surfaces and perform various layout operations
Characteristics of a Good Layout
- The surface of the work should be evenly covered with a suitable layout material
- Scribed lines should be single, clear, and sharp
- Layout lines should be prick punched lightly, with evenly spaced and uniformly deep marks
- Layout lines should be accurate
Learn about the importance of layout in machine shop operations, including preparing surfaces with marking materials and accurately scribing lines to guide machining and tool operations.
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