Machine Guarding Basics Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are the three fundamental areas that all machines consist of?

The point of operation

The power transmission device

The operating controls

All of the above (correct)

What are operating controls?

The mechanical or electric power controls used by the worker to operate the machine.

What components are included in the power transmission apparatus?

Flywheels, pulleys, belts, connecting rods, couplings, cams, spindles, chains, cranks, and gears.

Where is the point of operation on a machine?

Where work is performed on materials. Signup and view all the answers

What are motions in the context of machines?

How the machine part moves, such as rotating, in-running nip points, reciprocating, and transversing. Signup and view all the answers

What are actions in relation to machine operation?

Operations that the machine part performs, such as cutting, punching, shearing, and bending. Signup and view all the answers

What does cutting action may involve?

Rotating, reciprocating, or transverse motion. Signup and view all the answers

What hazards can exist at the point of operation?

Flying chips or scrap material striking the head, particularly in the area of the eyes or face. Signup and view all the answers

What types of machines involve cutting hazards?

Bandsaws, circular saws, boring and drilling machines, turning machines (lathes), or milling machines. Signup and view all the answers

What results in punching action?

Power applied to a slide (ram) for the purpose of blanking, drawing, or stamping metal or other materials. Signup and view all the answers

What machines are typically used for punching operations?

Power presses and iron workers. Signup and view all the answers

What does shearing action involve?

Applying power to a slide or knife to trim or shear metal or other materials. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs where stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn?

Hazards at the point of operation. Signup and view all the answers

What machines are used for shearing operations?

Mechanically, hydraulically, or pneumatically powered shears. Signup and view all the answers

What results in bending action?

Power applied to a slide in order to draw or stamp metal or other materials. Signup and view all the answers

What equipment uses bending action?

Power presses, press brakes, and tubing benders. Signup and view all the answers

What are the most common ways workers get hurt around machines? (Select all that apply)

Not using lockout tagout Signup and view all the answers

Motions are how the machine part moves, for example _. Actions are operations the machine performs, such as _.

rotating; cutting Signup and view all the answers

Where is work actually performed on the material being processed?

The point of operation. Signup and view all the answers

Which machines MUST have the point of operation guarded?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What must be done when the periphery of fan blades is less than seven feet above the floor?

The blades must be guarded. Signup and view all the answers

What is required for revolving barrels, containers, and drums?

They must be guarded by an enclosure interlocked with the drive mechanism. Signup and view all the answers

What should be guarded if power transmission apparatus is less than 7 feet from the floor?

Shafting, flywheels, pulleys, and belts. Signup and view all the answers

What must abrasive wheel machinery have?

An adjustable tongue guard and a work rest. Signup and view all the answers

What does the safeguard ensure in avoiding projectiles?

No objects can fall into moving parts. Signup and view all the answers

How should safeguards be designed to prevent contact with dangerous moving parts?

They must prevent hands, arms, and any other body parts from making contact. Signup and view all the answers

Why should safeguards not be easily removed?

A safeguard that can easily be made ineffective is no safeguard at all. Signup and view all the answers

What can defeat the purpose of a safeguard?

If it creates hazards of its own. Signup and view all the answers

What should a good safeguard ensure?

That it is easy to use and does not interfere with work. Signup and view all the answers

What must be possible regarding lubricating the machine?

It should be able to lubricate the machine without removing the safeguards. Signup and view all the answers

Which parts of a machine must be guarded? (Select all that apply)

Power transmission apparatus Signup and view all the answers

It is acceptable to use guards that don't meet all requirements.

False Signup and view all the answers

What are the two primary methods used to safeguard machines?

Guards and safeguarding devices. Signup and view all the answers

What are secondary safeguarding methods?

Methods accepted when primary safeguarding methods cannot be used. Signup and view all the answers

What is a fixed guard?

A permanent part of the machine that does not depend on moving parts. Signup and view all the answers

What happens when an interlocked guard is opened?

Power is stopped; the machine cannot cycle until the guard is back in place. Signup and view all the answers

Why are adjustable guards useful?

They allow flexibility for accommodating various sizes of stock. Signup and view all the answers

What do self-adjusting guards do?

They provide an opening only large enough to admit the stock. Signup and view all the answers

What do presence sensing devices do?

They sense a worker's presence in a certain area and stop the machine. Signup and view all the answers

What do pullback devices help with?

Ensure withdrawal of hands from the point of operation as the machine cycles. Signup and view all the answers

What do restraint devices do?

Limit the operator's hands to a predetermined safe area. Signup and view all the answers

What do safety trip controls provide?

A quick means for deactivating the machine in an emergency. Signup and view all the answers

What is required by the two-hand control?

Constant, concurrent pressure by the operator to activate the machine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gate devices?

To protect the operator at the point of operation before the machine cycle starts. Signup and view all the answers

What must be used instead of safeguarding if it is not possible?

Distance and Location. Signup and view all the answers

What type of safeguarding device senses a worker in a certain area?

Presence Sensing. Signup and view all the answers

What are the different types of guards?

Interlocked, Fixed, Self-Adjusting, Adjustable. Signup and view all the answers

What do guards do to protect the worker?

Place a physical barrier between the worker and the machine. Signup and view all the answers

What is the criteria for a guard having to be used on a machine?

If operation exposes you to injury. Signup and view all the answers

What motion involves a shaft that can easily grip hair and clothing?

Rotating. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Machine Guarding Fundamentals

Machines consist of three fundamental areas: point of operation, power transmission device, operating controls.
Operating controls are mechanical or electric systems used by workers to operate machines.

Power Transmission and Point of Operation

Power transmission apparatus includes components that transmit energy, like flywheels, pulleys, belts, and gears.
The point of operation is where material is manipulated, including tasks such as cutting and shaping.

Motions and Actions

Motions refer to how machine parts move, such as rotating and reciprocating.
Actions pertain to operations performed by machine parts, like cutting and punching.

Cutting and Hazards

Cutting actions can involve rotating, reciprocating, or transverse motion, posing dangers at the point of operation where injuries can occur from flying chips.
Common machines involving cutting hazards include bandsaws, milling machines, and lathes.

Punching and Shearing Actions

Punching action occurs when power is applied to a slide (ram) to blank, draw, or stamp materials.
Machines used for punching include power presses and iron workers, while shearing actions involve trimming or shearing metals.

Common Safety Hazards

Frequent worker injuries happen due to improper cleaning of equipment, lack of lockout/tagout procedures, missing guards, and unqualified operators.

Safeguarding Requirements

Guards must be used on machines with points of operation, such as guillotine cutters and power presses.
Effective safety measures eliminate hazards from falling objects and prevent body contact with moving parts.

Types of Guards

Material must withstand impact; fixed guards are permanent and preferred for safety.
Interlocked guards disable machines when removed and require proper user management.

Adjustable and Self-Adjusting Guards

Adjustable guards accommodate varied sizes of stock.
Self-adjusting guards allow access based on the stock position, enhancing operator safety.

Sensing and Restraint Devices

Presence-sensing devices detect workers in danger zones to stop machines instantly.
Restraint devices keep operators' hands within safe areas, essential for certain operations.

Control Mechanisms

Safety trip controls provide emergency deactivation through pressure-sensitive bars.
Two-hand controls require concurrent pressure for activation, ensuring safe distances from danger areas.

Distance and Location

If safeguarding is not possible, maintaining distance and choosing proper locations are essential safety practices.

Essential Guard Functions

Guards must create physical barriers between workers and machines, ensuring protection where machine operation exposes the risk of injury.

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Description

This quiz consists of flashcards focusing on the fundamental areas of machine guarding. Each card covers key terminology and definitions essential for understanding the operation and safety of machinery. Perfect for those looking to enhance their knowledge in industrial safety practices.