Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the three fundamental areas that all machines consist of?
What are the three fundamental areas that all machines consist of?
- The point of operation
- The power transmission device
- The operating controls
- All of the above (correct)
What are operating controls?
What are operating controls?
The mechanical or electric power controls used by the worker to operate the machine.
What components are included in the power transmission apparatus?
What components are included in the power transmission apparatus?
Flywheels, pulleys, belts, connecting rods, couplings, cams, spindles, chains, cranks, and gears.
Where is the point of operation on a machine?
Where is the point of operation on a machine?
What are motions in the context of machines?
What are motions in the context of machines?
What are actions in relation to machine operation?
What are actions in relation to machine operation?
What does cutting action may involve?
What does cutting action may involve?
What hazards can exist at the point of operation?
What hazards can exist at the point of operation?
What types of machines involve cutting hazards?
What types of machines involve cutting hazards?
What results in punching action?
What results in punching action?
What machines are typically used for punching operations?
What machines are typically used for punching operations?
What does shearing action involve?
What does shearing action involve?
What occurs where stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn?
What occurs where stock is inserted, held, and withdrawn?
What machines are used for shearing operations?
What machines are used for shearing operations?
What results in bending action?
What results in bending action?
What equipment uses bending action?
What equipment uses bending action?
What are the most common ways workers get hurt around machines? (Select all that apply)
What are the most common ways workers get hurt around machines? (Select all that apply)
Motions are how the machine part moves, for example _________. Actions are operations the machine performs, such as _________.
Motions are how the machine part moves, for example _________. Actions are operations the machine performs, such as _________.
Where is work actually performed on the material being processed?
Where is work actually performed on the material being processed?
Which machines MUST have the point of operation guarded?
Which machines MUST have the point of operation guarded?
What must be done when the periphery of fan blades is less than seven feet above the floor?
What must be done when the periphery of fan blades is less than seven feet above the floor?
What is required for revolving barrels, containers, and drums?
What is required for revolving barrels, containers, and drums?
What should be guarded if power transmission apparatus is less than 7 feet from the floor?
What should be guarded if power transmission apparatus is less than 7 feet from the floor?
What must abrasive wheel machinery have?
What must abrasive wheel machinery have?
What does the safeguard ensure in avoiding projectiles?
What does the safeguard ensure in avoiding projectiles?
How should safeguards be designed to prevent contact with dangerous moving parts?
How should safeguards be designed to prevent contact with dangerous moving parts?
Why should safeguards not be easily removed?
Why should safeguards not be easily removed?
What can defeat the purpose of a safeguard?
What can defeat the purpose of a safeguard?
What should a good safeguard ensure?
What should a good safeguard ensure?
What must be possible regarding lubricating the machine?
What must be possible regarding lubricating the machine?
Which parts of a machine must be guarded? (Select all that apply)
Which parts of a machine must be guarded? (Select all that apply)
It is acceptable to use guards that don't meet all requirements.
It is acceptable to use guards that don't meet all requirements.
What are the two primary methods used to safeguard machines?
What are the two primary methods used to safeguard machines?
What are secondary safeguarding methods?
What are secondary safeguarding methods?
What is a fixed guard?
What is a fixed guard?
What happens when an interlocked guard is opened?
What happens when an interlocked guard is opened?
Why are adjustable guards useful?
Why are adjustable guards useful?
What do self-adjusting guards do?
What do self-adjusting guards do?
What do presence sensing devices do?
What do presence sensing devices do?
What do pullback devices help with?
What do pullback devices help with?
What do restraint devices do?
What do restraint devices do?
What do safety trip controls provide?
What do safety trip controls provide?
What is required by the two-hand control?
What is required by the two-hand control?
What is the purpose of gate devices?
What is the purpose of gate devices?
What must be used instead of safeguarding if it is not possible?
What must be used instead of safeguarding if it is not possible?
What type of safeguarding device senses a worker in a certain area?
What type of safeguarding device senses a worker in a certain area?
What are the different types of guards?
What are the different types of guards?
What do guards do to protect the worker?
What do guards do to protect the worker?
What is the criteria for a guard having to be used on a machine?
What is the criteria for a guard having to be used on a machine?
What motion involves a shaft that can easily grip hair and clothing?
What motion involves a shaft that can easily grip hair and clothing?
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Study Notes
Machine Guarding Fundamentals
- Machines consist of three fundamental areas: point of operation, power transmission device, operating controls.
- Operating controls are mechanical or electric systems used by workers to operate machines.
Power Transmission and Point of Operation
- Power transmission apparatus includes components that transmit energy, like flywheels, pulleys, belts, and gears.
- The point of operation is where material is manipulated, including tasks such as cutting and shaping.
Motions and Actions
- Motions refer to how machine parts move, such as rotating and reciprocating.
- Actions pertain to operations performed by machine parts, like cutting and punching.
Cutting and Hazards
- Cutting actions can involve rotating, reciprocating, or transverse motion, posing dangers at the point of operation where injuries can occur from flying chips.
- Common machines involving cutting hazards include bandsaws, milling machines, and lathes.
Punching and Shearing Actions
- Punching action occurs when power is applied to a slide (ram) to blank, draw, or stamp materials.
- Machines used for punching include power presses and iron workers, while shearing actions involve trimming or shearing metals.
Common Safety Hazards
- Frequent worker injuries happen due to improper cleaning of equipment, lack of lockout/tagout procedures, missing guards, and unqualified operators.
Safeguarding Requirements
- Guards must be used on machines with points of operation, such as guillotine cutters and power presses.
- Effective safety measures eliminate hazards from falling objects and prevent body contact with moving parts.
Types of Guards
- Material must withstand impact; fixed guards are permanent and preferred for safety.
- Interlocked guards disable machines when removed and require proper user management.
Adjustable and Self-Adjusting Guards
- Adjustable guards accommodate varied sizes of stock.
- Self-adjusting guards allow access based on the stock position, enhancing operator safety.
Sensing and Restraint Devices
- Presence-sensing devices detect workers in danger zones to stop machines instantly.
- Restraint devices keep operators' hands within safe areas, essential for certain operations.
Control Mechanisms
- Safety trip controls provide emergency deactivation through pressure-sensitive bars.
- Two-hand controls require concurrent pressure for activation, ensuring safe distances from danger areas.
Distance and Location
- If safeguarding is not possible, maintaining distance and choosing proper locations are essential safety practices.
Essential Guard Functions
- Guards must create physical barriers between workers and machines, ensuring protection where machine operation exposes the risk of injury.
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