Macbeth Act 4 Flashcards

Study Notes

Macbeth Act 4 Summary

Act IV begins with Macbeth seeking knowledge from the witches about his future. Three apparitions appear, delivering prophecies:
- The first warns to "Beware Macduff."
- The second instructs to "Be bloody, bold, and resolute. Laugh to scorn the power of man. For none of women born shall harm Macbeth."
- The third warns that "Macbeth shall never vanquished be until Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane hill comes against him."

Apparitions and Banquo’s Progeny

The witches reveal a vision of eight ghostly kings to Macbeth, with the final king holding a mirror, symbolizing the continued line of kings to come.
Banquo’s ghost appears alongside the kings, highlighting his legacy and connection to future rulers.

Macbeth's Resolution

In response to the apparitions and news of Macduff fleeing to England, Macbeth resolves to hire murderers to attack Macduff's castle and eliminate his family.

Scotland Under Macbeth's Rule

Ross describes the dire situation in Scotland, explaining to Lady Macduff that her husband, Macduff, is noble and wise.
He notes that Scotland is suffering greatly, with Macbeth's spies accusing everyone of treason, creating an atmosphere of fear and chaos.

Tragic Fate of Lady Macduff

A messenger warns Lady Macduff of impending danger; however, it is too late for her and her children.
Macbeth's hired assassins brutally murder her, her children, and all within the castle.

Macduff’s Loyalty Test

In England, Macduff seeks to support Malcolm, who initially doubts Macduff's loyalty and slanders himself to test him.
Upon confirming Macduff’s devotion to Scotland, Malcolm reveals he has 10,000 of Siward's men prepared to march against Macbeth.

Ross Brings Dire News

Ross delivers the tragic news to Macduff that his wife and children have been killed.

Combined Forces Against Macbeth

Fueled by grief, Macduff vows to seek revenge on Macbeth.
All three men unite, forming a coalition ready to march on Scotland to challenge Macbeth's tyranny.

Description

Test your knowledge of Act 4 of Macbeth with these flashcards. Learn about the key prophecies given to Macbeth by the apparitions and their implications for his fate. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of Shakespeare's themes and characters in this pivotal act.