Lymphatic System ALL

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the direction of fluid movement in relation to hydrostatic and osmotic pressure?

Fluid moves from areas of higher hydrostatic pressure to areas of lower hydrostatic pressure, and from areas of lower osmotic pressure to areas of higher osmotic pressure. (correct)
Fluid moves from areas of lower hydrostatic pressure to areas of higher hydrostatic pressure, and from areas of higher osmotic pressure to areas of lower osmotic pressure.
Fluid moves from areas of lower hydrostatic pressure to areas of higher hydrostatic pressure, and from areas of lower osmotic pressure to areas of higher osmotic pressure.
Fluid moves from areas of higher hydrostatic pressure to areas of lower hydrostatic pressure, and from areas of higher osmotic pressure to areas of lower osmotic pressure.

The primary function of the lymphatic system is to directly facilitate the transport of oxygenated blood to tissues.

False (B)

Describe the role of minivalves in lymphatic capillaries and explain how they facilitate the entry of interstitial fluid into these vessels.

Minivalves, comprised of loose endothelial cells, open when interstitial fluid pressure rises. This allows fluid to enter the lymphatic vessels.

Lymph nodes act as ______ by housing macrophages and lymphocytes that cleanse the lymph of pathogens and debris.

filters Signup and view all the answers

Match each definition with the term:

Hydrostatic pressure = The pressure exerted by a fluid against a boundary, pushing fluid across it. Osmotic pressure = The pressure exerted by non-diffusible solutes, pulling fluid across a boundary. Lymphatic vessels = Vessels that collect and return excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream. Lymph nodes = Small organs that filter lymph, containing immune cells that attack pathogens. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which the lymphatic system circulates lymph, given that it lacks a central pump?

Muscle contraction and action of respiration. (D) Signup and view all the answers

B lymphocytes directly attack virus-infected cells and tumor cells within the lymph nodes.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Explain the significance of the thymus in the context of the lymphatic and immune systems.

The thymus is the site of T cell maturation, where T lymphocytes become immunocompetent, crucial for adaptive immunity. Signup and view all the answers

Peyer's patches, found in the wall of the small intestine, are large clusters of ______ cells that play a role in preventing bacteria from breaching the intestinal wall.

lymphoid Signup and view all the answers

Match the following lymphoid organs with their primary functions:

Thymus = Site of T cell maturation and immunocompetence. Lymph nodes = Filter lymph, house macrophages and lymphocytes. Spleen = Site for lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance; cleanse the blood. Tonsils = Gather and remove pathogens entering through the throat. Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is unique to lymphatic vessels compared to blood vessels?

A one-way system that returns fluids to the heart (A) Signup and view all the answers

Lymphatic vessels are present in bones, teeth, and the central nervous system (CNS).

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process by which bacteria are destroyed in tonsils.

Bacteria enter through tonsillar crypts and travel through the epithelium into lymphoid tissue to be destroyed. Signup and view all the answers

The appendix is a tubular offshoot of the large intestine whose function is to prevent bacteria from breaching the ______ wall.

intestinal Signup and view all the answers

Match fluid type to what it contains:

Interstitial fluid = Fluid that flows through spaces between cells. Lymph = Fluid contained in lymphatic vessels. Vascular fluid = Fluid in the blood stream. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the role of reticular connective tissue in lymph nodes?

Reticular connective tissue provides a supportive matrix that allows immune cells to interact with each other (C) Signup and view all the answers

The spleen primarily filters lymph, similar to the function of lymph nodes.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Describe the process of returning leaked lymph into the vascular system.

Lymphatic vessels return fluids that have leaked from the vascular system back to the blood. Signup and view all the answers

The driving force behind the filtering of fluid from capillaries is known as pressure, whereas the reabsorption of fluid is primarly due to pressure.

hydrostatic, osmotic Signup and view all the answers

Match Lymphatic characteristics to their description:

Macrophages = Phagocytic cells that engulf and digest pathogens Lymphocytes = White blood cells responsible for adaptive immune responses T cells = Act directly against virus-infected cells and tumor cells B cells = Produce antibodies Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is hydrostatic pressure?

Pressure exerted by fluid pushing against a boundary, such as a capillary wall.

What is osmotic pressure?

Pressure exerted by nondiffusible solutes that cannot cross a boundary, pulling fluid across it.