Lymphatic System Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which organ filters blood and initiates immune responses?

  • Tonsils
  • Lymph nodes
  • Thymus
  • Spleen (correct)

Which organ filters lymph and initiates immune responses?

  • Lymph nodes
  • Peyer's patches
  • Thymus (correct)
  • Spleen

What is the lymphatic system organ that shrinks and becomes non-functional with age?

Thymus

What are the functions of lymph nodes?

<p>Filtering of lymph and initiation of immune response to foreign material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Are lymphatic nodules encapsulated lymphatic organs?

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the lymphatic organs of the oral cavity and pharynx?

<p>Tonsils</p> Signup and view all the answers

The right lymphatic duct receives lymph from all body regions except?

<p>Lower limbs</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lymph from the lower limbs is conveyed by?

<p>The thoracic duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pharyngeal tonsils are also called?

<p>Adenoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is lymph drainage important?

<p>Absorption of fats (A), Return of small proteins from tissue fluid to blood (C), Transport of foreign particles from tissue fluid to lymph nodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

These vessels of the lymphatic system are found in most tissues and drain excess tissue fluid.

<p>Lymphatic capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lymphatic organs have roles in defending the body against pathogens?

<p>Thymus, spleen, &amp; lymph nodes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the lymphatic venous system aid in the absorption of fats and not the blood?

<p>The fat molecules are too large to be absorbed into the blood.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the filtration of plasma and small molecules from the blood into the interstitial spaces?

<p>Blood pressure in the capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

This pressure of the blood pulls fluid back into the capillaries by osmosis.

<p>Colloid osmotic pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

The rate of filtration exceeds the rate of?

<p>Reabsorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is fluid entering the lymphatic capillaries called?

<p>Lymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell is in the subcapsule of a lymph node?

<p>Macrophages &amp; B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell is in the medulla of a lymph node?

<p>Macrophages &amp; T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cell is found in the germinal centers of the cortex?

<p>B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Clusters of lymphocytes and macrophages found in the cortex of lymph nodes are called?

<p>Lymph nodules or lymph follicles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Clusters of cells called lymph nodules are also found in?

<p>The tonsils</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Peyer's patches?

<p>A group of nodules found in the mucosal lining of the ileum of the small intestines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the combined lymph nodules of the digestive, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts called?

<p>Mucosa associated lymphoid tissues (MALT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Spleen Function

Filters blood, initiates immune responses.

Thymus Function

Filters lymph, initiates immune responses, shrinks with age.

Lymph Node Function

Filters lymph, initiates immune responses.

Lymphatic Nodules

Clusters of immune cells, no capsule.

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Tonsils Location

Lymphatic organs in the oral cavity and pharynx.

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Right Lymphatic Duct

Drains lymph from most body areas except lower limbs.

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Thoracic Duct

Drains lymph from the lower limbs.

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Adenoids

Pharyngeal tonsils.

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Lymph Drainage Importance

Absorbs fats, returns proteins, provides nutrients, transports foreign particles.

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Lymphatic Capillaries

Drains excess tissue fluid, maintaining fluid balance.

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Immune Defense Role

Thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes protect against pathogens.

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Fat Absorption in Lymphatic System

Facilitates fat absorption.

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Blood Pressure in Capillaries

Drives fluid filtration.

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Colloid Osmotic Pressure

Pulls fluid back into capillaries.

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Interstitial Fluid Formation

Filtration exceeds reabsorption.

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Hydrostatic Pressure in Interstitial Fluid

Drives fluid flow into lymphatic capillaries, creating lymph.

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Lymph Node Subcapsular Area

Contains macrophages and B cells.

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Lymph Node Medulla

Contains macrophages and T cells.

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Lymph Node Germinal Centers

Contain B cells.

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Lymph Nodules Location

In cortex of lymph nodes, clusters in tonsils; MALT.

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Peyer's Patches

Lymph nodules in the small intestine.

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MALT (Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)

Combined lymph nodules in the digestive, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts.

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Study Notes

Spleen and Thymus

  • Spleen filters blood and initiates immune responses.
  • Thymus filters lymph and also initiates immune responses; it shrinks and becomes non-functional with age.

Lymph Nodes

  • Function as filters for lymph, initiating immune responses to foreign materials.
  • Contain macrophages and B cells in the subcapsule and T cells in the medulla.

Lymphatic Nodules

  • Not encapsulated; instead, they are clusters of immune cells without a connective tissue capsule.

Tonsils

  • Lymphatic organs located in the oral cavity and pharynx.

Lymphatic Ducts

  • The right lymphatic duct receives lymph from most body regions except the lower limbs.
  • Lymph from the lower limbs is conveyed through the thoracic duct.

Pharyngeal Tonsils

  • Also known as adenoids.

Importance of Lymph Drainage

  • Facilitates absorption of fats, return of small proteins to blood, provision of nutrients to tissue cells, and transport of foreign particles to lymph nodes.

Lymphatic Capillaries

  • Found in most tissues and drain excess tissue fluid, contributing to fluid balance.

Immune Defense

  • Thymus, spleen, and lymph nodes play critical roles in defending the body against pathogens.

Fat Absorption

  • The lymphatic system aids in fat absorption due to fat molecules being too large for absorption into blood.

Fluid Dynamics

  • Blood pressure in capillaries drives filtration of plasma into interstitial spaces.
  • Colloid osmotic pressure pulls fluid back into capillaries by osmosis.
  • Rate of filtration often exceeds the rate of reabsorption, leading to tissue fluid formation.

Hydrostatic Pressure

  • As interstitial fluid accumulates, hydrostatic pressure increases, driving fluid into lymphatic capillaries, which is then called lymph.

Lymph Node Cell Types

  • Subcapsular area contains macrophages and B cells.
  • Medulla contains macrophages and T cells.
  • Germinal centers of the cortex are populated with B cells.

Lymph Nodules

  • Found in the cortex of lymph nodes and as clusters in tonsils.
  • Peyer's patches are lymph nodules located in the mucosal lining of the ileum of the small intestine.
  • Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALT) consist of combined lymph nodules in the digestive, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts.

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Description

Explore the crucial components of the lymphatic system including the spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils. Understand their functions in filtering blood and lymph, initiating immune responses, and supporting overall health. This quiz will test your knowledge of lymphatic organs and their importance in immunity.

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