38 Questions
What is the primary role of the lymphatic system?
To filter pathogens from the blood
What type of cells are responsible for the adaptive immune response?
Lymphocytes
What is the role of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?
To filter pathogens from the lymph
What is the primary function of the innate immune response?
To provide a rapid, non-specific defense against pathogens
What is the role of B cells in the adaptive immune response?
To produce plasma cells that bind to specific antigens
What is the primary function of the lymphatic system in relation to dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins?
To absorb and transport dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins to the liver
What is the primary function of lymph nodes?
To remove debris and pathogens from lymph fluid
What is the role of the spleen in the immune system?
It filters the blood
What is the purpose of the tonsils in the immune system?
To develop immunity to oral pathogens
What is the term used to describe the lymphoid follicles found in the gastrointestinal tract, breast tissue, lungs, and eyes?
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
What is the primary function of the afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels in relation to lymph nodes?
To transport lymph fluid into and out of the lymph nodes
What is the main difference between lymph nodes and lymphoid nodules?
Lymph nodes have a fibrous capsule, while lymphoid nodules do not
What is the primary function of macrophages in the immune response?
Phagocytose pathogens
What is the purpose of the negative selection process during T cell development?
To eliminate T cells that might attack self-antigens
What is the primary function of helper T cells in the adaptive immune response?
Secrete cytokines to enhance other immune responses
During the B cell maturation process, what is the purpose of central tolerance?
To eliminate B cells that bind to self-antigens
Which class of antibody is typically the first to be produced during a primary immune response?
IgM
What is the primary function of IgA antibodies in the mucosal immune response?
Coat and neutralize pathogens in mucosal secretions
What is the primary mechanism by which cytotoxic T cells kill target cells?
Releasing granules containing perforin and granzymes to induce apoptosis
What is the primary difference between active and passive immunity?
Active immunity leads to the development of immunological memory, while passive immunity does not
What is the primary mechanism by which IgE antibodies contribute to the immune response against parasitic infections?
Recruiting and activating eosinophils to degranulate and expel the parasites
What is the primary function of interferon in the immune response against viral infections?
Induce a antiviral state in uninfected cells to prevent viral entry and replication
Why is antibody ineffective against viruses?
Antibody can't penetrate the cell where the virus is located.
Which mechanism do pathogens use to avoid the immune response?
Genetic recombination
What is a characteristic of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID)?
Most individuals with SCID die in their first year of life
How does HIV/AIDS impact the immune system?
Completely wipes out the immune system
What is a common trait among pathogens that are resistant to certain drugs like MRSA?
They possess cell walls resistant to enzymes
What is a distinguishing feature of the flu virus compared to other pathogens?
It frequently undergoes mutations
Which of the following is NOT a function of the innate immune response?
Generating long-lasting immunological memory
Which of the following is a function of the mucosal surfaces in the body?
Trapping microbes and debris for removal from the body
What is the role of natural killer cells in the innate immune response?
Inducing apoptosis in virally infected cells
Which of the following is NOT a function of the complement system?
Generating immunological memory against pathogens
Which of the following is a function of cytokines in the immune response?
Allowing nearby cells to communicate and coordinate their responses
What is the primary function of the adaptive immune response?
Recognizing and attacking a wide variety of pathogens with high specificity
What is the role of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in the adaptive immune response?
Presenting antigens to T cells for recognition
Which of the following is a characteristic of chronic inflammation?
Ongoing inflammation due to persistent stimuli or autoimmune conditions
Which of the following is a function of professional antigen-presenting cells?
Presenting antigens on class II MHC molecules
Which of the following is a function of the skin as a barrier defense?
Maintaining a dry and unfavorable environment for bacterial growth
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the lymphatic and immune systems including cells, organs, and functions such as destroying pathogens and filtering excess fluid. Learn about lymph, lymphatic vessels, absorption of dietary lipids, fat-soluble vitamins, and the role of lymph nodes in immune response.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
