Questions and Answers
What is a labyrinth?
What does SMART stand for in goal-setting?
Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timely.
What is the goal statement mentioned?
Work in a five-star hotel in 3 years at either front desk or concierge.
What do you need to do to reach your goal?
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Where are you currently regarding your career goals?
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What are some obstacles you might face?
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What are some solutions to your obstacles?
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What is a career portfolio?
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What should be included in your education section of a resume?
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What types of activities should be listed on a resume?
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What should the heading of a resume include?
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Employers typically spend more than 30 seconds reviewing a resume.
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Which of the following is true about resume formatting?
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The 5-Part Interview includes preparing both ___ and ___ for the interview.
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What is the primary purpose of a resume?
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How should items be arranged in a resume?
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Completeness of sentences is crucial when writing job descriptions.
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What should you avoid in terms of formatting your resume?
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What should you inform the receptionist about when you arrive for an interview?
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You should slouch during the interview to appear casual.
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What should you do if you don't understand a question during the interview?
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You should always thank the interviewer after the interview for their _____ in you.
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What should you do if you are offered the job immediately?
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List one reason why people aren't hired.
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Which of the following is associated with Structural Theories?
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What is the primary focus of John Holland's theory?
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Which stage of vocational development is about firming the vocational goal?
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Developmental Theories suggest that career maturity occurs through _____ tasks across the lifespan.
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Social learning theory involves decision making based solely on personal experiences.
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Study Notes
Labyrinth
- A labyrinth refers to a complex network of paths or passages that complicate navigation and finding exits.
- Often structured as a maze in parks or gardens, providing entertainment for individuals trying to discover their way out.
SMART Goals
- Specific: Clearly define the action or event in question.
- Measurable: Ensure goal benefits can be quantified.
- Achievable: Set realistic goals based on available resources.
- Realistic: Goals should stretch abilities while remaining feasible.
- Timely: Specify a timeframe for goal completion.
Goal Statement
- Aim to work in a five-star hotel within three years, targeting roles at the front desk or concierge.
Steps to Reach the Goal
- Obtain a position in a five-star hotel.
- Start with an entry-level job and advance towards the desired role.
Current Status
- Currently in college with three years until graduation.
- Actively seeking a relevant internship for the upcoming summer.
Identified Obstacles
- Consult with an academic adviser.
- Secure a summer internship related to future career aspirations.
Proposed Solutions
- Schedule a meeting with the adviser to explore internship options.
- Seek an internship that aligns with career goals.
Career Portfolio
- A visual summary of skills, abilities, and potential, supplemented by tangible materials.
- Functions as an organizational tool for personal development, aiding in decisions about majors and career paths.
- Enhances communication of interests and competencies to potential employers.
Education Component
- Include details of all educational institutions attended, along with transcripts and diplomas.
- Document relevant extracurriculars, internships, and certifications.
Activities and Involvements
- Highlight leadership roles, hobbies, volunteer work, and participation in team sports or organizations.
- List any travel experiences and awards received.
Work-Related Activities
- Maintain an up-to-date resume that includes job titles, responsibilities, and accomplishments.
- Include details about job training and performance evaluations.
Personal Qualities and Strengths
- Recognize transferable skills from everyday life and family responsibilities, such as teamwork and problem-solving.
- Emphasize discipline, motivation, and time management in personal narratives.
Resume Essentials
- A resume should summarize personal skills, education, and work experience.
- Should be meticulously crafted and polished, as it serves as a first impression to potential employers.
Resume Viewing Time
- Employers typically spend less than 30 seconds reviewing a resume, making clarity and precision critical.
Key Resume Components
- Include headings like Objective, Education, Experience, Activities, Skills, and References.
- Tailor each section to reflect the specifics of the job you're applying for.
Resume Formatting
- Use a consistent, coherent format, typically chronological for entry-level positions, and functional for those with more experience.
- Prioritize clarity and readability, ensuring a professional appearance.
Interview Preparation
- Conduct thorough research about the company or institution before the interview.
- Arrive early, dressed appropriately, and equipped with multiple copies of your resume.
First Impressions in Interviews
- Greet the interviewer confidently and with a strong handshake.
- Maintain positive body language and communication throughout the interview.
Navigating the Interview Process
- Keep answers positive, detailed, and relevant, using examples to illustrate qualifications.
- Organize thoughts before responding and ask for clarification when needed.
Questions During the Interview
- Prepare job-related inquiries.
- If an immediate job offer is extended, it's appropriate to request details about salary and other benefits without making a hasty decision.### Follow-Up Steps
- Request a day to consider any decisions made.
- Inquire about the expected timeline for contact regarding decisions. Offer to call back in a few days to check in, demonstrating continued interest.
- Ensure the interviewer has contact information for further inquiries.
- Express gratitude to the interviewer for their time and consideration.
- Firm handshake upon leaving the interview.
The Follow-Up Process
- Send a thank-you letter promptly after the interview.
- Call the organization approximately one week post-interview to check on the decision status and timeline.
Reasons for Non-Selection
- Poor personal appearance can detract from candidacy.
- Lack of clear communication abilities, including voice and grammar issues.
- Absence of career planning, purpose, or goals is viewed unfavorably.
- Insufficient enthusiasm and confidence during the interview process.
- Criticism of previous employers can create a negative impression.
- Poor eye contact, including not looking the interviewer in the eye.
- Weak handshake can undermine first impressions.
- Arriving late can reflect poorly on punctuality.
- Neglecting to thank the interviewer is often considered impolite.
- Failure to ask questions can signify a lack of interest.
- Lack of knowledge about the company or position can demonstrate unpreparedness.
Career Concepts
- Career refers to a chosen profession or occupation that one pursues throughout life.
- A career path represents an individual's progress and history through various roles in their career.
Theoretical Perspectives on Career Development
- Structural theories focus on personal traits and job-specific tasks.
- Developmental theories examine human growth and changes over a lifetime.
Structural Theories: Trait and Factor
- Parsons’ theory emphasizes matching personal traits with job characteristics.
- Three essential elements: self-awareness, job specification knowledge, and the ability to match both effectively.
Assumptions of Trait and Factor Theory
- Job traits can be measured and matched to individuals.
- Improved matching correlates positively with job satisfaction and success.
Holland's Theory of Vocational Personalities
- Individuals find more satisfaction in jobs aligning with their personality traits.
- Six personality/work environments include Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, and Conventional.
Types of Activities and Occupations
- Realistic: Hands-on roles like farmers, carpenters, and engineers.
- Investigative: Analytical roles such as chemists.
- Artistic: Creative roles like painters and writers.
- Social: Helping professions like social workers and counselors.
- Enterprising: Leadership roles such as sales representatives and entrepreneurs.
- Conventional: Organizational roles like auditors.
Critique of Holland's Theory
- Emphasizes the importance of self-knowledge and career information in career decisions.
- Criticism includes potential gender bias, as women tend to be categorized primarily into three occupational groups.
Socioeconomic Theory
- Suggests that external factors such as culture and family background impact career choices.
- Proposes that individuals tend to follow available opportunities without much proactive decision-making.
Developmental Theories: Donald Super's Contributions
- Career maturity is demonstrated through successful completion of developmental tasks over a lifespan.
- Self-concept plays a central role in Super's career development model.
Career Development Stages
- Growth (Birth-14): Development of self-concept and general work understanding.
- Exploratory (15-24): Gaining experience and relevant information; tentative career choices.
- Establishment (25-44): Building skills and stabilizing career through work.
- Maintenance (45-64): Continual adjustment and enhancement of position.
- Decline (65+): Reduced work output in preparation for retirement.
Vocational Development Phases
- Crystallization (14-18): Developing tentative vocational goals.
- Specification (18-21): Solidifying vocational goals.
- Implementation (21-24): Pursuing education and obtaining employment.
- Stabilization (24-35): Confirming career choices through work.
- Consolidation (35+): Focusing on career advancement.
Summary of Super's Model
- Individuals cycle through developmental stages in response to life changes.
- Vocational maturity characterized by planning awareness, decision-making skills, and resource utilization.
Krumboltz's Social Learning Theory
- Highlights the role of learning and observing others in career development.
- Career decision-making influenced by social, environmental factors, genetic predispositions, and prior experiences.
- Certain behaviors are modeled and reinforced through rewards and recognition.
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