Questions and Answers
What is the classification of Loxapine (Loxitane)?
What are the indications for Loxapine (Loxitane)?
Schizophrenia, second line treatment after failure of atypical psychotics.
Loxapine (Loxitane) is safe to use in pediatrics.
False
Loxapine (Loxitane) may cause __________ and urinary retention in geriatrics.
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Which of the following is a side effect of Loxapine (Loxitane)?
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What is the primary action of Loxapine (Loxitane)?
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Which condition is contraindicated for the use of Loxapine (Loxitane)?
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Match the following cautions with their conditions:
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What are some interactions of Loxapine (Loxitane)?
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Study Notes
Loxapine (Loxitane) Overview
- Antipsychotic medication primarily indicated for schizophrenia.
- Acts as a dopamine and serotonin antagonist, blocking their effects at postsynaptic receptor sites in the CNS.
Drug Classification
- Classified as an antipsychotic.
- Available routes: Intramuscular (IM) and oral (PO).
- Extensively metabolized by the liver, with implications for dosing and potential interactions.
Indications and Usage
- Main indication: schizophrenia.
- Second-line treatment after atypical antipsychotic failure.
- Off-label use includes bipolar disorder.
Side Effects
- Serious risks: neuroleptic malignant syndrome, agranulocytosis.
- Common side effects include confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, and headaches.
- Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), tardive dyskinesia (TD), and orthostatic hypotension are notable concerns.
- Gastrointestinal issues such as constipation and nausea, along with urinary retention and dry mouth.
Nursing Responsibilities
- Closely monitor older adults for constipation and urinary retention.
- Safety not established for pediatric populations.
- Essential to monitor vitals, cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, body mass index (BMI), and weight.
- Vigilant for signs of EPS, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and tardive dyskinesia.
Contraindications
- Contraindicated in patients who are in a coma or experiencing CNS depression.
- Hypersensitivity to the drug is a clear reason to avoid its use.
- Safety for pregnant individuals has not been established.
Cautions
- Caution advised for individuals with glaucoma, intestinal obstruction, a history of seizures, or alcoholism.
- Use with care in patients with cardiovascular diseases, liver impairment, or prostatic hyperplasia.
Drug Interactions
- Loxapine diminishes the antihypertensive effects of guanadrel.
- Can inhibit the alpha adrenergic effects of epinephrine, which may lead to hypotension and tachycardia.
- Increased CNS depression risk when combined with alcohol, antihistamines, opioids, and sedatives.
- Antacids and antidiarrheals can interfere with loxapine absorption.
- Herbal supplements like kava, valerian, and chamomile may amplify CNS depression effects.
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Description
This quiz features flashcards focused on Loxapine (Loxitane), an antipsychotic medication. It covers key points including drug classification, indications, and important characteristics to help reinforce your knowledge. Ideal for students studying pharmacology or healthcare professionals.
