Long Run Trends vs Short Run Fluctuations Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the main factor that creates growth and a high level of income and consumption per capita in the long run?

  • Technological advancements (correct)
  • Short-term fluctuations
  • Government policies
  • Changes in unemployment rates

Which of the following is NOT a factor that contributes to fluctuations in GDP in the short run?

  • Changes in consumer preferences
  • Global income distribution (correct)
  • Government spending decisions
  • Business cycle fluctuations

What is a common reason for countries to experience divergence in economic growth rates?

  • Differences in institutional quality (correct)
  • Sound economic policies
  • Increasing convergence trends
  • Innovative technology adoption

Why do less developed economies often grow faster than advanced ones according to the text?

<p>Relatively lower starting points (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the text mention as a key proxy for wellbeing in relation to consumption?

<p>Income levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process allows a country to move from being relatively poor to being relatively rich as mentioned in the text?

<p>Economic convergence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the essence of conditional convergence in terms of income levels across countries?

<p>Countries with common traits experience growth rates that bring them closer in GDP per capita (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between initial GDP levels and long-run GDP growth, once structural differences are controlled for?

<p>Negative relationship, lower initial GDP leads to higher subsequent growth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What enables countries with lower initial GDP levels to grow at faster rates initially?

<p>Access to advanced technologies and knowledge (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has been the trend in labor's share of GDP in typical Western economies over time?

<p>Stayed relatively constant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Stylized Fact 5 suggest about the annual growth rates of many countries in Western Europe and North America over the last 130 years?

<p>Annual growth rates have been in the range of 1.5-2% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of lower initial GDP levels on marginal returns from capital investment?

<p>Marginal returns decrease as GDP decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes significantly to the global disparities in wealth and income among countries?

<p>Historical legacies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Disparities in Wealth' are mainly influenced by which of the following factors?

<p>'Disparities in Wealth' are mainly attributed to historical legacies and institutional quality. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do developed economies typically experience in terms of annual growth rates over the last century and a half?

<p>Average annual growth rates range from 1.5-2% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the consistency in labor's share of GDP suggest about real wages in developed economies?

<p>Real wages have remained stable relative to GDP per worker (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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