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Questions and Answers
What is the primary benefit of long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs)?
Which type of long-acting reversible contraceptive can last up to 10 years?
What is a common side effect associated with hormonal IUDs and implants?
What is one significant consideration users must keep in mind when choosing LARCs?
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Which contraceptive method has a lower annual pregnancy rate compared to oral contraceptives?
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How long can subdermal implants provide contraceptive protection?
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What is a significant disadvantage of LARCs regarding sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?
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What hormone does the hormonal IUD release to help prevent pregnancy?
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What is the primary function of the hormonal IUD in preventing pregnancy?
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What is a potential side effect of using implants for contraception?
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Which of the following best describes how the non-hormonal IUD works?
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How often must DMPA injections be administered for effective contraception?
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Which of the following statements about Levonorgestrel is correct?
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What is a common side effect associated with long-term use of DMPA?
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What can Levonorgestrel be used for in women over 45?
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Study Notes
Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs)
- LARCs are highly effective birth control methods lasting 2 months to 10 years without user action.
- Annual pregnancy rates for LARC users are less than 1%, compared to 9% for oral contraceptives and 18% for condoms.
- Two main types: Progesterone only and Non-hormonal.
- Examples:
- Hormonal IUDs like Mirena release progestin to prevent pregnancy.
- Copper IUDs are hormone-free and last up to 10 years.
- Subdermal implants are inserted under the skin and release progestin for up to 3 years.
- Advantages:
- Highly effective with a low failure rate.
- Long-lasting protection without regular maintenance.
- Reversible, allowing fertility to return quickly after removal.
- Disadvantages:
- Insertion and removal require a healthcare professional and can be uncomfortable.
- Potential for infection.
- Hormonal IUDs and implants might cause side effects like irregular bleeding, mood changes, and acne.
- No protection against sexually transmitted infections.
Hormonal Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)
- T-shaped device releasing Levonorgestrel (a progesterone-like hormone) in low doses.
- Takes 7 days to work and lasts 3 to 8 years.
- Can be fitted immediately after a miscarriage or abortion in the first 24 weeks.
- Can be used as hormone replacement therapy for up to 5 years after age 45.
- Mechanism:
- Thins the endometrium, preventing egg implantation.
- Thickens cervical mucus, preventing sperm from reaching the egg.
- In some cases, prevents ovulation.
- Side effects:
- Painful to fit.
- Irregular bleeding for up to 6 months after fitting.
- Mood and weight changes.
- Skin changes and hair loss.
- Loss of libido.
- Headaches and breast tenderness.
- Difficulty recognizing menopause.
Non-Hormonal IUDs
- T-shaped device made of plastic with copper wrapped around its stem.
- Works immediately and lasts 5 to 10 years.
- Mechanism:
- Stops sperm from reaching the egg.
- Thins the uterine lining, making implantation difficult.
- Copper creates an inflammatory reaction toxic to sperm.
- Side effects:
- Potential for infection on insertion.
- Heavier, longer, and more painful periods in the first 3 to 6 months.
Implants
- Small, thin, flexible plastic rod inserted under the skin of the upper arm.
- Contains Progestogen, released continuously for 3 years.
- Mechanism:
- Stops ovulation.
- Thickens cervical mucus, making it harder for sperm to reach the egg.
- Side effects:
- Irregular periods for the first 3 to 6 months.
- Most people experience less bleeding or stop bleeding altogether.
- Breast tenderness, headaches, mood changes, nausea, acne, and weight gain.
Depo-Provera (Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate)
- Injectable contraceptive containing progestin.
- Effective for about 3 months per injection.
- Mechanism:
- Prevents ovulation.
- Thickens cervical mucus, blocking sperm.
- Thins the uterine lining, preventing implantation.
- Side effects:
- Irregular bleeding, spotting, or no periods.
- Weight gain.
- Long-term use can reduce bone density, which usually recovers after stopping injections.
- Headaches, mood changes, and decreased libido.
Sayana Press
- Self-administered subcutaneous progestogen-only injection effective for 13 weeks.
- Offers a convenient and long-lasting birth control option.
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Description
This quiz explores Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs), including hormonal IUDs and subdermal implants. Learn about their effectiveness, advantages, disadvantages, and how they compare to other contraceptive methods. Understand how they work and their impact on fertility.
