Lok Sabha Elections 2024 Overview

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Questions and Answers

Which party had the third highest number of seats in the Lok Sabha 2024 elections?

  • Indian National Congress
  • JD(U)
  • INDIA alliance
  • Telugu Desam Party (correct)

What was the voter turnout percentage recorded in Jammu and Kashmir during this election cycle?

  • 58.58% (correct)
  • 60.10%
  • 50.75%
  • 55.35%

Which constitutional article provided for nominated seats for Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha?

  • Article 370
  • Article 356
  • Article 333
  • Article 331 (correct)

How many women were elected as Members of Parliament in the 18th Lok Sabha?

<p>74 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the total number of voters in the recent Lok Sabha elections?

<p>96.8 crore (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change regarding voting age was made by the 61st amendment?

<p>Voting age reduced from 21 to 18 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the total seats in Lok Sabha as of the recent elections?

<p>543 seats (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the youngest tribal woman to win from an unreserved seat in the recent elections?

<p>Priyanka Jarkiholi (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the total seats in the Lok Sabha 2024 elections did national parties occupy?

<p>64% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which political figure is noted for winning three straight terms in the Lok Sabha?

<p>Narendra Modi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first Prime Minister of India to leave office following a no-confidence vote?

<p>V. P. Singh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of the indelible ink used in the voting process in India?

<p>Silver Nitrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment empowered the government to undertake readjustment of electoral constituencies based on the 1991 census?

<p>84th Amendment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the lifespan of Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) designed for use in Indian elections?

<p>15 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was India's first Prime Minister from a minority community?

<p>Manmohan Singh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Prime Minister of India served the shortest tenure?

<p>Atal Bihari Vajpayee (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which provision laid the foundation for the position of the Speaker in India?

<p>Government of India Act, 1919 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did the 91st Constitutional Amendment introduce?

<p>Max limit on ministers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the first electronic voting machine (EVM) used in Indian elections?

<p>2004 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first woman to serve as Speaker of the Lok Sabha?

<p>Mira Kumar (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year did the Supreme Court first accept VVPAT as necessary for free and fair elections?

<p>2013 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Article of the Constitution establishes the framework for the Election Commission of India?

<p>Article 324 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under the CEC and Other ECs Act, 2023, what is the salary of the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) compared to?

<p>Cabinet Secretary (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which case did the Supreme Court deny the NOTA option to electors in the Rajya Sabha election?

<p>Shailesh Mumbai Parmar vs ECI (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which CEC was also the president of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?

<p>Nagendra Singh (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum percentage of total valid votes a party must secure to be recognized as a national party by the ECI?

<p>6 % (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Model Code of Conduct primarily regulate?

<p>Conduct of political parties and candidates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long is the term for members of the Election Commission of India?

<p>6 years or until 65 years of age (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which act replaced the Election Commission (Condition of Service of Election Commissioners and Transaction of Business Act), 1991?

<p>CEC and Other ECs Act, 2023 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change did the 255th report of the Law Commission propose regarding the appointment of the ECI?

<p>A collegium system for appointments (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which political party secured 240 seats in the Lok Sabha 2024 elections?

<p>Bharatiya Janata Party (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the total number of first-time voters in the recent Lok Sabha elections?

<p>1.8 crore (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which alliance secured a total of 234 seats in the Lok Sabha elections?

<p>INDIA Alliance (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many independent candidates won seats in the recent Lok Sabha elections?

<p>7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Lok Sabha 2024 seats were occupied by state parties?

<p>33% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Article of the Constitution provided two nominated seats for Anglo-Indians in the Lok Sabha before being removed?

<p>Article 331 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha as per the recent elections?

<p>550 members (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which party was formed before the 2024 elections and gained 16 seats from Andhra Pradesh?

<p>Telugu Desam Party (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What record did NOTA set in the recent Lok Sabha elections?

<p>2L + votes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which political figure was noted as the second leader to win three straight terms?

<p>Narendra Modi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first Prime Minister of India to have come from the upper house, Rajya Sabha?

<p>Indira Gandhi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Prime Minister of India was the first to leave office due to a no-confidence vote?

<p>VP Singh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment empowered the government to conduct delimitation on the basis of the 2001 census?

<p>87th Amendment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary ingredient of the indelible ink used in Indian elections?

<p>Silver nitrate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Prime Minister was known as India’s first non-Congress Prime Minister?

<p>Morarji Desai (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which man was the first person to serve twice as the acting Prime Minister of India?

<p>Gulzarilal Nanda (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which female leader served as the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha?

<p>Mira Kumar (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant outcome of the 42nd Amendment regarding seat allocation in the Lok Sabha?

<p>Seats frozen till 2000 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Model Code of Conduct in Indian elections?

<p>To manage the conduct of political parties and candidates during elections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which article in the Indian Constitution guarantees universal adult suffrage as the basis for elections?

<p>Article 326 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under the CEC and Other ECs Act, 2023, who is responsible for appointing the Election Commission of India?

<p>The President based on recommendations from a selection committee (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Supreme Court case established that a paper trail is necessary for free and fair elections in India?

<p>Subramaniam Swamy vs ECI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of VVPATs that the Supreme Court ordered to be counted per constituency?

<p>5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year did the Election Commission of India formally release the Model Code of Conduct?

<p>1974 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant reform was suggested by the Law Commission's 255th report regarding ECI appointments?

<p>Creation of a collegium for appointments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which act governs the removal of the Chief Election Commissioner in India?

<p>The CEC and Other ECs Act, 2023 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'SVEEP' stand for in the context of Indian elections?

<p>Systematic Voters Education and Electoral Awareness Program (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Chief Election Commissioner was also the president of the International Court of Justice?

<p>Dr. Nagendra Singh (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Prime Minister of India completed a full five-year tenure but was not from the Congress party?

<p>PV Narasimha Rao (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which article of the Indian Constitution provides for the re-fixing of the number of seats reserved for SCs and STs in the Lok Sabha?

<p>Article 330 (B), Article 332 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment empowered the government to take delimitation actions based on the 2001 census?

<p>87th Amendment Act (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary component of indelible ink used in the Indian voting process?

<p>Silver Nitrate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year marked the first use of VVPAT in an Indian election?

<p>2013 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who had the distinction of being the first acting Prime Minister of India?

<p>Gulzarilal Nanda (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which commission was established in 2002 regarding delimitation of constituencies in India?

<p>Delimitation Commission Act (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which entity declared the results of the Lok Sabha elections on June 4th?

<p>Election Commission of India (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Lok Sabha was comprised of independent candidates in the recent elections?

<p>1.7% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which political party experienced a significant decrease in seat allocation from 2019 to 2024, as indicated by the increase of the INC to 99 seats?

<p>Indian National Congress (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key change regarding ministerial positions was implemented in the 2024 elections?

<p>Increase in women cabinet ministers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which constitution amendment was responsible for reducing the voting age from 21 to 18?

<p>61st Amendment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which year did the first Lok Sabha elections take place, characterized by a total of 499 seats?

<p>1952 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the voter turnout percentage reported for the first-time voters in the recent elections?

<p>50% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant ruling did the Supreme Court make in 2013 regarding elections?

<p>VVPAT is necessary for free and fair elections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which alliance achieved a total of 234 seats in the Lok Sabha elections, highlighting its growing influence?

<p>INDIA (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which category had the largest representation in the 18th Lok Sabha based on age demographics?

<p>MPs aged 55 and above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under the new CEC and Other ECs Act, 2023, how are the salaries of the Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners determined?

<p>Equal to a cabinet secretary (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the maximum strength of the Lok Sabha according to recent electoral norms?

<p>550 members (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which article of the Constitution pertains to universal adult suffrage as the foundation of elections?

<p>Article 326 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When was the formal Model Code of Conduct first released?

<p>1974 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the systematic voters education and electoral awareness program (SVEEP)?

<p>To educate voters about the electoral process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the grounds for the removal of the Chief Election Commissioner?

<p>Misconduct or incapacity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how members of the Election Commission of India are appointed under the new act?

<p>By the President upon recommendations of a selection committee (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the model code of conduct, when should political manifestos not be released?

<p>During the prohibitory period as prescribed (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which state was the first to implement the model code of conduct?

<p>Kerala (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which past Chief Election Commissioner had also served as the President of the International Court of Justice (ICJ)?

<p>Dr. Nagendra Singh (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

18th Lok Sabha

The 18th Lok Sabha is the current parliament of India, elected in 2024.

Lok Sabha Seats

The Lok Sabha has 543 seats, elected by voters of India.

Voter Turnout (J&K)

Jammu and Kashmir had the highest voter turnout, at 58.58%, among Indian states in 2024.

INDIA Alliance Seats

The INDIA alliance of opposition parties won 234 seats, in 2024.

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BJP Seats

The BJP party won 240 seats in the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, making it the largest party.

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First Lok Sabha Seats

The first Lok Sabha had a total of 499 seats.

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Voting Age (India)

The voting age in India is 18 years old.

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Women MPs in 18th LS

74 women were Members of Parliament (MPs) in the 18th Lok Sabha.

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Cabinet Ministers in 2024

There are 30 cabinet ministers, 7 women.

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1st Lok Sabha Party Strengths

In the first Lok Sabha the INC won 364 seats and CPI won 16 seats.

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First PM of India

Jawaharlal Nehru served as the first Prime Minister of India from 1947 to 1964.

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Acting PM of India (repeated)

Gulzarilal Nanda held the position twice as acting Prime Minister of India.

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First Non-Congress PM

Morarji Desai became India's first Prime Minister who was not from the Congress party.

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Youngest PM of India

Rajiv Gandhi, at 40 years old, was India's youngest Prime Minister.

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Longest-Serving Speaker

Balram Jakhar held the Speaker position for the longest time, representing a significant role in the legislative process.

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First Female Speaker

Meira Kumar was the first woman to serve as Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

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First Speaker of Independent India

GV Mavalankar served as the first Speaker of independent India.

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First SC Speaker of LS

GMC Balayogi was the first speaker from the Scheduled Castes community.

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First LS Speaker Re-elected (20 years)

Om Birla was the first speaker to be re-elected as an MP after 20 years of Speaker-ship.

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First PM from Minority Community

Manmohan Singh was the first Prime Minister from a minority community in India.

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ECI's role in elections

The Election Commission of India (ECI) is responsible for conducting free and fair elections to various political offices in India. This includes Parliament, state legislatures, and the president and vice-president.

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Universal Adult Suffrage

The right to vote for all adult citizens, guaranteeing everyone's right to participate in the election process.

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Model Code of Conduct (MCC)

A set of guidelines during elections that parties and candidates must follow to maintain fair play and prevent malpractice. It governs conduct during election campaigns.

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VVPAT

Voter-verified paper audit trail; a system that provides a printed copy of the ballot cast by the voter allowing for verification.

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Appointment of ECI Members (New)

The President of India appoints ECI members based on the recommendations of a selection committee, which consists of the Prime Minister, Leader of Opposition, and Chief Justice of India.

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Salary of ECI Members(New)

The salary for the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners is equal to that of the Cabinet Secretary.

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NOTA option

None of the Above option in electronic voting machines (EVMs), allowing voters to express dissatisfaction with the candidates.

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State Election Commissions

Different from the ECI, these bodies hold elections for local bodies like municipalities, panchayats within their respective states.

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Removal of ECI Members

The President can remove the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners for misbehavior or incapacity. A special majority in both houses of the parliament is needed.

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ECI Established

The Election Commission of India was established on January 25, 1950.

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First Prime Minister of India

Jawaharlal Nehru served as the first Prime Minister of India from 1947 to 1964.

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First PM of Southern India

P.V. Narasimha Rao was the first Prime Minister from Southern India.

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First Woman Speaker of Lok Sabha

Meira Kumar was the first woman to serve as Speaker of the Lok Sabha.

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First Time EVMs Were Used

Electronic Voting Machines (EVMs) were first used in the 2004 Lok Sabha elections.

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First Time VVPATs Were Implemented

Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) was implemented for the first time in 2013 in Nagaland's Noksen Assembly Constituency.

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What does 'NOTA' stand for?

NOTA stands for 'None Of The Above'. It is an option that can be selected in EVMs when none of the candidates are satisfactory to the voter.

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2024 Lok Sabha Election

The 18th Lok Sabha elections held in India on April 19th - June 1st, 2024, with the results declared on June 4th.

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Largest Party in 2024 (LS)

BJP, winning 240 seats, emerged as the largest party in the 2024 Lok Sabha elections.

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INDIA Alliance

A coalition of opposition parties contesting the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, winning 234 seats.

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First-Time Voters in 2024

Approximately 1.8 crore individuals voted for the first time in the 2024 Lok Sabha Elections.

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Youngest Tribal MP (2024)

Priyanka Jarkiholi, the youngest tribal woman, was elected from an unreserved seat.

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Westminster Model of Government

The parliamentary system of government adopted in India, where the executive is responsible to the legislature.

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Parliament's Role in India

Part V (a79-a122) of the Indian Constitution outlines the structure and powers of the Parliament.

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First Lok Sabha (1951-52)

The first Lok Sabha election was held in 1951-52, with the Indian National Congress (INC) winning a majority of seats.

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Lok Sabha's Maximum Strength

The Lok Sabha can currently have a maximum of 550 members: 530 from states and 20 from Union Territories.

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Voting Age Reduction in India

The 61st Amendment Act (1988) lowered the voting age from 21 to 18 years old.

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What is VVPAT?

VVPAT stands for Voter-Verified Paper Audit Trail. It's a system that prints a paper slip showing the voter's choice after they cast their vote on an EVM. This allows for manual verification if needed.

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Why is VVPAT important?

Supreme Court has ruled that VVPAT is crucial for free and fair elections. It provides a paper trail to cross-check the electronic voting results.

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Who appoints Election Commissioners?

The president of India appoints members of the Election Commission based on recommendations from a selection committee. This committee comprises the Prime Minister, Leader of the Opposition, and Chief Justice of India.

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What is the role of Election Commission?

The Election Commission conducts elections for the Parliament, State Legislatures, the President, and Vice President of India.

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What is the Model Code of Conduct?

The Model Code of Conduct provides rules and ethical guidelines for political parties and candidates during elections. It helps ensure a fair and ethical campaign.

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What is NOTA?

NOTA stands for None Of The Above. This option allows voters to express their dissatisfaction with all the candidates on the ballot.

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Who can remove Election Commissioners?

The President of India can remove Election Commissioners for misconduct or incapacity. This requires a resolution passed by both houses of Parliament with a special majority.

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What is the role of the State Election Commission?

State Election Commissions conduct elections for local bodies within their state, like municipalities and panchayats.

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What is the significance of the 1962 Lok Sabha election?

The 1962 Lok Sabha election marked the last time before recent elections that a government won a third consecutive term after completing two full terms.

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What is the Systematic Voters' Education and Electoral Awareness Programme (SVEEP)?

SVEEP is a program run by the Election Commission to educate voters on their rights and responsibilities.

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Anglo-Indian Seats

Seats reserved in the Lok Sabha for the Anglo-Indian community, nominated by the President of India based on recommendations from the All India Anglo-Indian Association.

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Interim Prime Minister of India (1946-1947)

Jawaharlal Nehru was appointed as the Interim Prime Minister of India after the resignation of the British Cabinet Mission Plan.

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First Non-Congress Prime Minister

Morarji Desai, the leader of the Janata Party, became the first Prime Minister who was not from the Indian National Congress (INC).

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Youngest Prime Minister of India

Rajiv Gandhi was the youngest Prime Minister of India, taking office at the age of 40.

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India's First Prime Minister from a Minority Community

Manmohan Singh, a Sikh, became the first Prime Minister from a minority community in India.

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Delimitation Commission

A body responsible for redrawing electoral boundaries based on population changes, ensuring equal representation in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies.

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Indelible Ink

Ink used to mark voters' fingers after they cast their ballot, preventing them from voting multiple times.

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Study Notes

Lok Sabha Elections 2024

  • Voter demographics: 96.8 crore voters, 47.1 crore female, 49.7 crore male, 88.4 lakh PWD, 48,000 transgender, 1.8 crore first-time voters
  • Election duration: 44 days, 7 phases, April 19th to June 1st
  • Results: Announced June 4th by ECI
  • Winning party: NDA - 293 seats, BJP- 240 seats
  • Other significant parties : Telugu Desam Party (16 seats), JD(U) (12 seats), INDIA alliance (234 seats), INC (99 seats)
  • Party representation: 64% national parties, 33% state parties, 11 seats from unrecognised parties, 7 independent candidates; 41 parties represented
  • Voter turnout: Highest in J&K (58.58%), record turnout in 1951–52 (68 phases) with 64.2 Cr voters
  • MP demographics: Average age 56 years; 11% 40 or younger, 52% 55+
  • Women MPs: 74 (14%) in 18th Lok Sabha compared to 78 in the previous one
  • Ministers: 71 total, 7 women in council of ministers, 2 women in cabinet positions, 30 cabinet ministers
  • Other notable points: Shankar Lalwani (BJP) won by a large margin (11,75,092 votes); NOTA received over 2 lakh votes.

Parliament & PMs

  • Parliamentary structure: Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha established in 1954; Westminster system
  • Constitution details: Part V (articles 79-122) deals with Parliament
  • Historical elections: 1st Lok Sabha (INC - 364 seats, CPI - 16 seats, total 499 seats). Current Lok Sabha has 543 seats.
  • 1st voter: Shyam Saran Negi
  • Maximum strength of Lok Sabha: 550 members (530 states + 20 UTs)
  • Voting age reduction: 1989 (21 to 18) by 61st amendment
  • Anglo-Indian representation: Nominated seats removed (Article 331 and 333 repealed by 104th CAA) - based on recommendation from Frank Anthony
  • Ministerial limit: Total ministers should not exceed 15% of Lok Sabha strength - 91st CAA
  • India's PMs: Nehru (Interim/Dominion) served twice as acting PM, Indira Gandhi (first Upper House PM), Rajiv Gandhi (youngest), Morarji Desai (first non-Congress PM), PV Narasimha Rao (first non-Gandhi, Southern India PM), VP Singh (first PM to leave after no-confidence vote), Atal Bihari Vajpayee (shortest tenure: 13 days, first NDA win 1998), Charan Singh (no legislature address), Chandra Shekhar (never held govt office), Manmohan Singh (from minority community), Narendra Modi (first PM born in independent India)
  • Other details: Janata Dal, 5th PM, Oldest PM

Elections and Other Aspects

  • National Voters' Day: January 25th. Theme for 2024: "Nothing like voting, I vote for sure"
  • Indelible ink: Introduced in 3rd Lok Sabha (1962-67) using silver nitrate; manufactured by Mysore Paints and Varnish. Used in 25+ countries
  • Delimitation: Articles 82 (Parliament), 170 (states) - conducted four times (1952, 1963, 1973, 2002). Based on 2001 census. More frequent delimitation commission before
  • EVMs: Introduced in 14th Lok Sabha (2004), piloted in 13th Lok Sabha (1999). Developed by ECIL and BEL
  • VVPATs: Introduced in 2013, 100% adoption in 2019 elections.
  • NOTA: Used first in 16th Lok Sabha (2014-2019) elections

Election Commission

  • ECI Structure and History: Article 324 (Part XV), established January 25, 1950; 25th CEC Rajeev Kumar.
  • CEC Appointments: President of India appointed CEC (changed by Act 2023).
  • Salary: Now equal to cabinet secretary (was equal to Supreme Court judge previously).
  • Composition & Responsibilities: Conducts elections for parliament, state legislatures, president and vice president .
  • Model Code of Conduct: Introduced in 1960. First formal release in 1974.
  • Other details: Sukumar Sen 1st CEC .VS Ramadevi 1st Woman CEC . TN Seshan (6-year tenure);

Other Important details

  • Presidents: Pratibha Patil (12th), Draupadi Murmu (15th, first woman tribal president)
  • Model Code of Conduct: Shared during the 1962 Lok Sabha elections. A formal one released by ECI in 1974.
  • Speaker's role: Started in 1921; first speaker Frederick Whyte and Sachidanand Sinha. First elected speaker was Vithalbhai J. Patel. First speaker of independent India: GV Malankar; first deputy: Ananthasayam Ayyangar. Longest serving speaker: Balram Jakhar. First woman speaker: Mira Kumar; second: Sumitra Mahajan; first SC speaker: GMC Balayogi; first Left leader speaker: Somnath Chatterjee; 18th Speaker: Om Birla

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