Logical Reasoning Sample Questions

Deductive Reasoning: Identify the conclusion that logically follows from a set of premises.
Example: Premise 1: All dogs are mammals. Premise 2: Fido is a dog. Conclusion: Therefore, Fido is a mammal.
Another example: All squares are rectangles. Figure A is a square. Therefore, Figure A is a rectangle.
Inductive Reasoning: Identify the pattern or general rule from specific observations.
Example: Observation 1: Monday is a weekday. Observation 2: Tuesday is a weekday. Observation 3: Wednesday is a weekday. Conclusion: All days of the week are weekdays.
Another example: If the sun rises every morning, it is likely to rise tomorrow.
Analogies: Identify the relationship between two pairs of words or concepts, and find the missing term.
Example: Doctor : Patient :: Teacher : Student
Another example: Hot : Cold :: Up : Down
Problem Solving: Solve word problems that require logical reasoning.
Example: If a train leaves at 8:00 AM and arrives at 12:00 PM, how long is the journey?
Syllogisms: Determine the validity or invalidity of arguments based on the structure of the relationships between statements.
Example:
All men are mortal.
Socrates is a man.
Therefore, Socrates is mortal.
Another example:
All cats are mammals.
Some mammals are furry.
Therefore, all cats are furry.
Statement Analysis: Analyze a given set of statements and determine the conclusion or find out if there is a contradiction.
Example: If statement A is true and statement B is false, which of the following must be true.

Quantitative Aptitude Sample Questions

Arithmetic: Basic operations, percentages, ratio, and proportion, average, and work.
Example: Calculate the percentage of 15 out of 60
Example: If a person earns $4000 per month and spends 20% for rent. What is the amount of rent paid?
Algebra: Linear equations, quadratic equations, and inequalities
Example: Solve the equation 2x + 5 = 11.
Example: Factorize x^2 - 4x + 3
Geometry: Calculation of area, volume, and surface area of basic shapes.
Example: Find the area of a rectangle with length 5cm and breadth 3cm.
Example: Find the volume of a cube with side 4cm
Data Interpretation: Drawing conclusions from charts, graphs, and tables, and problem solving with data.
Example: Use a bar graph to compare sales figures for different products.
Example: Find the average score of students from a frequency distribution table.
Number Series: Identifying the pattern followed in a series of numbers and finding the missing term.
Example: Identify the next number in the series 2, 4, 6, 8, __.
Example: What is the missing number in the series: 3, 6, 12, 24, __, 96
Word Problems: Application of quantitative concepts to real-world scenarios.
Example: If a car travels at 60 km/hr for 3 hours, what distance has it covered?
Example: A shopkeeper buys 20 items at Rs.10 each. He sells 15 items at Rs.15 and remaining 5 at Rs.5. What is his profit/loss percentage?
Speed, Time, and Distance: Problems related to speed, time, and distance.
Example: A train travels 150km in 3 hours. What is the average speed of the train?
Example: A person travels 10km at 5km/hr. How long does it take in hours?
Percentages: Calculations involving percentages and their applications.
Example: Calculate the percentage increased of a price from 50 to 60 rupees.
Example: A population is increased by 20% in 1 year, if initial population is 1000. What is the population after 1 year?

Study Notes Tips

Practice: Solve numerous practice questions of various types.
Review: Analyze your solutions and understand the concepts behind them.
Time Management: Practice solving questions under time constraints.
Focus on Fundamentals: Ensure a strong grasp of basic concepts.
Concept Understanding: Don't just memorize formulas; understand how to apply them.
Identify Weak Areas: Focus on topics in which you struggle.
Seek Clarification: If you encounter difficulties, seek help from teachers, mentors, or online resources.
Consistency: Regular practice is vital for improvement.
Mock Tests: Take mock tests to assess your preparation level.
Active Recall: Test yourself on topics regularly without looking at the notes.
Focus on your Weakness: Do not try to cover everything; work on your weakness first.
Time your Practice: Practicing consistently, within time constraints will help you adapt to the test format.