38 Questions
What is a Soft Must Be True Question asking you to do?
Find the answer choice that is almost certainly true if the information in the passage is true
What does a Strengthen Question ask you to do?
Find the answer choice that would make the argument in the passage more convincing
What is a Soft Must Be True (Principle) Question asking you to do?
Find the answer choice that presents a valid argument, based on the rule in the passage
What does a Must Be False Question ask you to do?
Find the answer choice that must be false if the information in the passage is true
What is the first thing to look for in a 'Main Point' question?
The author's central argument
What is the best strategy for 'Parallel' questions?
Identifying similar argument structures
What type of answer is almost never correct in 'Role' questions?
Specific and limited
What is the validity of causal conclusions on the LSAT?
They need to be carefully evaluated
What is the nature of correct answer choices on 'Strengthen' and 'Weaken' questions?
They affect the argument's strength
What is the impact of sufficient and necessary assumptions on arguments?
They help in evaluating the argument's validity
What are the requirements for a correct answer choice to a 'Resolve' question?
It must address the discrepancy in the argument
What is the most common combination of quantifiers on the LSAT?
All and some
What are the implications of the word 'some'?
It can be misleading in arguments
What are the requirements for an argument to avoid committing the fallacy of exclusivity?
It must consider multiple perspectives
What are the common fallacies of composition known for?
Impacting reasoning and conclusions
What are the three families of logical reasoning questions?
Implication, Characterization, and Operation
Which indicator words are typically associated with premises?
Since, Because, Given that
What is a subsidiary or intermediate conclusion?
A conclusion supported by at least one premise and that itself supports another conclusion
What is an assumption in logical reasoning?
A claim not explicitly stated but necessary for the conclusion to logically follow from the premises
What characterizes a valid argument?
The conclusion must be true if the premises are true
What is a necessary condition?
Required for another condition to be met, indicated by words like 'only if' and 'requires'
What happens in the fallacy of the converse?
A necessary condition is assumed to be enough to meet a sufficient condition
What is the contrapositive?
A valid inference where the failure to meet a necessary condition guarantees the failure to meet a sufficient condition
What do implication questions require?
Accepting the statements in the stimulus as true
What do operation questions require?
Accepting the answer choices as true
What are the indicator words for conclusions?
Therefore, Thus, Consequently
What is a sufficient condition?
A condition that guarantees the truth of another condition
What is a fallacy of equivocation?
Using a key word or concept in two different senses
When is it a fallacy to rely on the opinion of an authority?
When the subject falls outside of the expertise of the authority
On which type of games should a student look for the opportunity to break a game into scenarios?
All types
What are the three most common topics on Reading Comprehension passages?
Science, the law, arts/culture
True or False: The first question usually asks you to identify the main point of the passage.
True
What is a circular reasoning fallacy?
When an argument’s conclusion is identical to its premise
What is an absence of evidence fallacy?
Taking the failure of evidence to prove a claim as evidence against the claim
What are the three common cause and effect fallacies?
- Taking a correlation to imply causation 2. Ignoring an alternate cause 3. Reversing cause and effect
What is the proper way to “Play the Numbers” in logic games?
Identify all distributions by working from the most extreme to the most equal distribution
Which kinds of details in a Reading Comprehension passage do the questions typically ask about?
Cause and effect relationships, examples, questions and answers, and lists
True or False: It is advisable to read the questions before reading the passage.
False
Study Notes
Logical Reasoning, Conditional Statements, and Argument Structure
- Logical reasoning questions prompt you to evaluate the argument in the passage.
- There are three families of logical reasoning questions: Implication, Characterization, and Operation.
- Implication questions require accepting the statements in the stimulus as true.
- Operation questions require accepting the answer choices as true.
- Indicator words for premises include "since," "because," and "given that," while indicator words for conclusions include "therefore," "thus," and "consequently."
- A subsidiary or intermediate conclusion is a conclusion supported by at least one premise and that itself supports another conclusion.
- An assumption is a claim not explicitly stated but necessary for the conclusion to logically follow from the premises.
- A valid argument is one in which the conclusion must be true if the premises are true.
- A necessary condition is required for another condition to be met, indicated by words like "then," "only if," "needs," and "requires."
- The word "only" introduces a necessary condition.
- The fallacy of the converse occurs when a necessary condition is assumed to be enough to meet a sufficient condition.
- The contrapositive is a valid inference where the failure to meet a necessary condition guarantees the failure to meet a sufficient condition.
Test your logical reasoning skills with this quiz on conditional statements, argument structure, and implication questions. Practice identifying indicator words, identifying assumptions, and evaluating the validity of arguments.
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