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What is the primary purpose of a logical access control system?
What is the term for an entrance that requires individuals to pass through two doors with only one door opened at a time?
What is the principle that requires users and programs to have only the minimum privileges necessary to complete their tasks?
What is an object in the context of access control?
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What is a privileged account in an information system?
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What is the term for granting access rights to an object based on the owner's discretion?
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What type of system protects private information by making it unreadable to unauthorized users?
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Which type of operating system is open source, making its source code legally available to end users?
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What is the term for a system that controls an individual's ability to access computer system resources?
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What is the term for a system irregularity identified when studying log entries?
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What is the primary goal of implementing security controls?
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What type of control is an access-granting policy for new users that requires login and approval by the hiring manager?
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What is the process of validating that the identity being claimed by a user or entity is known to the system?
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What is granted to a system entity to access a system resource?
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What is the primary goal of ensuring timely and reliable access to and use of information?
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What is the initial stage of change management where a change is sought by a stakeholder?
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What is the term for the entirety of the policies, roles, and processes used to make security decisions in an organization?
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What is the term for tactics used to infiltrate systems via email, phone, text, or social media?
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What is the type of encryption that uses the same key in both the encryption and decryption processes?
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What is the term for phishing attacks that target high-level officials or individuals with significant assets?
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What is the term for a set of routines, standards, protocols, and tools for building software applications to access a web-based software application or web tool?
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What is the unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits?
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What is the term for a one-to-many (one-to-everyone) form of sending internet traffic?
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What is the model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources?
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What is the term for a system in which the cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns?
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What is an example of an adverse event?
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What is the primary goal of business continuity?
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What is the purpose of a business impact analysis?
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What is a breach, in the context of information security?
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What is the purpose of a business continuity plan?
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What is the primary function of a Security Operations Center?
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What is a previously unknown system vulnerability that can be exploited without risk of detection or prevention?
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What is an independent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls?
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What is an architectural approach to the design of buildings and spaces that emphasizes passive features to reduce the likelihood of criminal activity?
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What is an information security strategy that integrates people, technology, and operations capabilities to establish variable barriers across multiple layers and missions of the organization?
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What is left to the discretion of the object’s owner in terms of access control?
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What is a weakness in an information system, system security procedures, internal controls or implementation that could be exploited or triggered by a threat source?
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What is the primary function of a centralized organizational function?
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What is the primary goal of implementing security controls?
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What is the term for a system that controls an individual's ability to access computer system resources?
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Study Notes
Security Principles
- Security measures should be commensurate with the risk and potential harm resulting from unauthorized access or modification of information.
- Administrative controls involve implementing policies and procedures to regulate access, such as access control processes and multi-person operations.
Access Control
- Authentication involves verifying the identity of users or entities through single-factor or multi-factor authentication.
- Authorization grants permission to access system resources based on user roles and responsibilities.
- Logical Access Control Systems validate individual identities and assign access privileges accordingly.
- Mandatory Access Control requires the system to manage access controls according to organizational security policies.
Assets and Objects
- Assets include tangible items like information systems and physical property, as well as intangible assets like intellectual property.
- Objects are information system-related entities that contain or receive information, and access to an object implies access to the information it contains.
Physical Security
- Physical controls involve tangible mechanisms, such as walls, fences, guards, locks, and badge readers connected to door locks.
Principle of Least Privilege
- Users and programs should have only the minimum privileges necessary to complete their tasks to minimize risk.
User Provisioning
- User provisioning involves creating and managing user accounts with approved authorizations.
Network Security
Application Programming Interface (API)
- An API is a set of routines, standards, protocols, and tools for building software applications to access web-based software or web tools.
Data Representation
- A bit is the most essential representation of data (zero or one) at Layer 1 of the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model.
- A byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits.
Cloud Computing
- Cloud computing provides on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
- A community cloud is a cloud infrastructure provisioned for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers with shared concerns.
Access Control Models
- Discretionary Access Control (DAC) allows the owner to determine access rights to an object and what those rights should be.
Encryption
- Encryption protects private information by putting it into a form that can only be read by authorized individuals.
Firewalls
- Firewalls are devices that enforce administrative security policies by filtering incoming traffic based on a set of rules.
Insider Threats
- Insider threats involve entities with authorized access that can harm an information system.
Operating Systems
- iOS is an operating system manufactured by Apple Inc. for mobile devices.
- Linux is an open-source operating system.
Defense Mechanisms
- Layered defense involves using multiple controls arranged in series to protect an asset.
- Social engineering involves tactics to infiltrate systems through email, phone, text, or social media.
Web Security
- A Web Server provides World Wide Web (WWW) services on the Internet.
- Whaling attacks target highly placed officials or private individuals with sizable assets to authorize large fund wire transfers.
Incident Response, Business Continuity, and Disaster Recovery
Incident Response
- Adverse events have negative consequences, such as system crashes, network packet floods, or unauthorized use of system privileges.
Business Continuity
- Business continuity involves actions, processes, and tools to ensure an organization can continue critical operations during a contingency.
- A Business Continuity Plan (BCP) documents predetermined instructions or procedures to sustain business operations during a disruption.
- A Business Impact Analysis (BIA) analyzes an information system's requirements, functions, and interdependencies to determine contingency requirements and priorities.
Security Operations
- A Security Operations Center (SOC) is a centralized function that monitors, detects, and analyzes events to prevent and resolve issues before they disrupt business operations.
Vulnerabilities
- A vulnerability is a weakness in an information system, system security procedures, internal controls, or implementation that could be exploited or triggered by a threat source.
- A Zero Day vulnerability is a previously unknown system vulnerability that can be exploited without detection or prevention.
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Description
This quiz covers the concepts of logical access control systems, including validation mechanisms, access privileges, and security policies. Learn about mandatory access control and how it's implemented in organizations.
