Logic Gates and Multiplexers Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a multiplexer?

  • Decoding a coded signal
  • Transmitting information from many inputs to a single output (correct)
  • Encoding multiple inputs into a single output
  • Receiving information on a single input and distributing it

A demultiplexer can take information from multiple inputs and transmit it over a single output line.

False (B)

What is an encoder?

A digital circuit that converts an active input signal into a coded output signal.

The process of taking information from one input and transmitting it over several output lines is called __________.

<p>demultiplexing</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following circuits with their primary function:

<p>Multiplexer = Transmits selected data from multiple inputs to one output Demultiplexer = Distributes data from one input to multiple outputs Encoder = Converts active input signals into a coded format Decoder = Translates coded signals back into active input signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of logic gate?

<p>RANDOM Gate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The NAND gate is an example of a universal gate.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of an AND gate when both inputs are high (1)?

<p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

The output of an OR gate with inputs A = 0 and B = 1 is _____

<p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each logic gate with its corresponding function:

<p>AND Gate = Logical multiplication OR Gate = Logic addition NOT Gate = Inversion NAND Gate = NOT-AND operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the NOT gate?

<p>Inverts the input (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The output of an OR gate is 0 when all inputs are 1.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Provide the expression for the output of an OR gate with three inputs A, B, and C.

<p>Y = A + B + C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which logical operation is described by the expression Y = AB?

<p>AND operation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The output of a NOR gate is HIGH only when both inputs are LOW.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two values represented in Boolean Algebra?

<p>True and False</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a two-input Ex-OR gate, the output is HIGH when ___ inputs are HIGH.

<p>one</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following Boolean operators with their descriptions:

<p>OR = Logical addition AND = Logical multiplication NOT = Logical negation NAND = NOT-AND operation</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of applying DeMorgan's law to the expression (A+B)'?

<p>A' + B' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An AND gate will output a LOW state if at least one of its inputs is LOW.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of a NAND gate when both inputs are HIGH?

<p>LOW</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of K-map simplification?

<p>To simplify logic expressions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Combinational circuits always include memory elements.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the sum-of-products form in Boolean algebra?

<p>A canonical representation where a Boolean function is expressed in terms of products of sums.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A ____ is a circuit that selects data from multiple inputs and directs it to a single output.

<p>multiplexer</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following combinational circuits with their functions:

<p>Multiplexer = Selects one input from multiple inputs De-Multiplexer = Distributes a single input to multiple outputs Encoder = Converts binary data to a coded output Decoder = Translates coded inputs into a binary output</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a K-map for two variables, how many cells are present?

<p>4 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The product of sums is a method used in K-map simplification.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of an encoder in combinational circuits?

<p>To convert active input signals into a coded output for easier processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a decoder in digital systems?

<p>To activate one specific output based on input combinations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A flip-flop can store more than one bit of information.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of decoder is described with three inputs and eight outputs?

<p>3-to-8 decoder</p> Signup and view all the answers

A flip-flop is also known as a __________.

<p>bistable multivibrator</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of flip-flops with their descriptions:

<p>S-R Flip flop = Set and Reset functionality D Flip flop = Delay or Data storage J-K Flip flop = Toggle operations with set/reset capability T Flip flop = Toggles output based on input pulse</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of flip-flop is specifically designed to delay its input?

<p>D Flip flop (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a decoder, the number of outputs is equal to the number of inputs.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List one application of decoders in digital systems.

<p>Data demultiplexing</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when both S and R inputs are 0 in an S-R Flip Flop?

<p>Output Q does not change (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a D Flip Flop, the D input directly controls the reset (R) input.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main application of JK Flip Flops?

<p>Counters, Frequency Dividers, Registers</p> Signup and view all the answers

The T Flip Flop toggles its output with each _____ pulse.

<p>clock</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the flip flops to their characteristics:

<p>S-R Flip Flop = Output is unpredictable if both inputs are 1 D Flip Flop = Uses D input as S and complement of D as R JK Flip Flop = Toggles output when both inputs are 1 T Flip Flop = Single input version of JK Flip Flop</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is considered forbidden for the S-R Flip Flop?

<p>S=1, R=1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The output of a JK Flip Flop remains unaffected when both inputs are 1.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What state does a D Flip Flop switch to when the D input is 0?

<p>Clear state (0)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Digital Multiplexer

A combinational circuit that selects one digital information from several sources and transmits it on a single output line. It's like a switch that chooses one input to send out.

Multiplexing

The process of transmitting multiple information sources over a single channel. It's like sending multiple messages over the same wire.

Demultiplexer

A logic circuit that receives information on a single input and transmits it over one of several output lines. It's like a splitter that diverts one input to multiple outputs.

Encoder

A digital circuit that converts an active input signal into a coded output signal. It's like a translator that changes one type of signal into another.

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Octal-to-Binary Encoder

A specific type of encoder that converts octal input (values 0-7) to binary output (values 000-111). It's like a code converter that translates between octal and binary.

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Logic Gate

A type of electronic circuit that makes decisions based on logic, commonly found in AND, OR, and NOT configurations.

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AND Gate

A logic gate that combines two or more inputs and produces a 'true' output only if all inputs are 'true'.

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OR Gate

A logic gate that combines two or more inputs and produces a 'true' output if at least one input is 'true'.

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NOT Gate

A logic gate that inverts the input signal, transforming a 'true' input to a 'false' output and vice versa.

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NAND Gate

The combination of 'NOT' and 'AND' gates. It produces a 'true' output only if at least one of the inputs is 'false'.

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NOR Gate

The combination of 'NOT' and 'OR' gates. It produces a 'true' output only if all inputs are 'false'.

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XOR (Exclusive OR) Gate

A logic gate that combines two inputs and outputs a 'true' output only if one of the two inputs is 'true', specifically when they are different.

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Universal Gates

Logic gates that serve as building blocks for creating other complex logic circuits. NAND and NOR gates can be used to build any other logic gate.

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Canonical Sum-of-Products Form

A method for representing Boolean functions as sum-of-products expressions, where each product term is a minterm (a product of literals, each representing a variable or its complement) that evaluates to 1 for a specific combination of input values.

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K-Map Simplification

A graphical method used to simplify Boolean expressions by grouping adjacent 1s on a map that visually represents all possible combinations of input variables.

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Two Variable K-Map

A type of K-map that represents all possible combinations of two input variables.

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Three Variable K-Map

A type of K-map that represents all possible combinations of three input variables.

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Four Variable K-Map

A type of K-map that represents all possible combinations of four input variables.

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Product of Sums Form

A way to represent Boolean functions as a product of sums. The sum terms are maxterms that evaluate to 0 for a specific combination of input values.

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Combinational Logic Circuits

Logic circuits where the output at any time depends only on the current input combinations.

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Multiplexer (MUX)

A circuit that selects one of several input data lines and directs it to a single output line, based on a control signal.

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NAND Truth Table

A logic gate that outputs a HIGH signal only when both inputs are LOW. It's like saying "both A and B must be false for the output to be true."

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NOR Truth Table

A logic gate that outputs a HIGH signal only when both inputs are LOW. It's like saying "both A and B must be false for the output to be true."

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Exclusive-OR (XOR) Gate

A logic gate that outputs a HIGH signal only when either input, but not both, is HIGH. Think of it as "exclusive" or "different".

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Boolean Algebra

A system of rules and operations for working with logical values (true or false) used to represent and manipulate circuits in computers.

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Boolean Operators

The fundamental operations in Boolean algebra: OR, AND, and NOT. They combine variables and constants to create logical expressions.

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OR operation

A Boolean operation where the output is true if at least one input is true. Example: A OR B is true if A is true, B is true, or both are true.

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3-to-8 decoder

A type of decoder with three input lines and eight output lines. Each unique combination of inputs activates a specific output.

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Flip-flop

A basic memory element in digital circuits that can hold a single bit of information, either 0 or 1.

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S-R Flip-flop

A type of flip-flop with two inputs, Set (S) and Reset (R), that control the state of the flip-flop based on the input values.

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D Flip-flop

A type of flip-flop with a single data input (D) and a clock input. The output follows the data input on the rising or falling edge of the clock signal.

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J-K Flip-flop

A type of flip-flop with two inputs, J and K, and a clock input. The output toggles its state (from 0 to 1 or 1 to 0) on each clock pulse.

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T Flip-flop

A type of flip-flop with a single input, T, and a clock input. The output toggles its state on each clock pulse.

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Decoding

The process of converting a binary input code into a specific output, where each output line represents a unique combination of inputs. This is often essential in digital systems for various applications.

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Sequential Circuit

A type of logic circuit where the output depends not just on current inputs, but also on the previous state of the circuit and its history of inputs. Think of them as 'remembering' past events.

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Study Notes

Digital Logic Circuits

  • Digital logic circuits use electronic circuits to make logical decisions
  • Common logic gates include AND, OR, and NOT gates

Logic Gates

  • Logic gates are electronic circuits that make logical decisions
  • The most common gates are AND, OR, and NOT gates
  • NAND and NOR gates are universal gates; they can be used to create any other logic gate
  • Exclusive OR (XOR) is another type of logic gate, which can be constructed using basic gates (AND, OR, NOT)

OR Gate

  • The OR gate performs logical addition (OR function)
  • It has two or more inputs and only one output
  • The output is 1 if any of the inputs are 1
  • The OR function can be expressed as $Y= A+B+C+D+...$

AND Gate

  • The AND gate performs logical multiplication (AND function)
  • It has two or more inputs and one output
  • The output is 1 only if all the inputs are 1
  • The AND operation is denoted by a dot (.)

NOT Gate

  • The NOT gate performs logical inversion or complementation
  • It has one input and one output
  • The output is the opposite of the input

NAND Gate

  • A NAND gate is a NOT-AND gate
  • It has two or more inputs and one output
  • The output is 0 if all the inputs are 1, otherwise it is 1

NOR Gate

  • A NOR gate is a NOT-OR gate
  • It has two or more inputs and one output
  • The output is 1 if none of the inputs are 1, otherwise it is 0

Exclusive-OR (EX-OR) Gate

  • An EX-OR gate has two or more inputs and one output
  • The output is 1 if the inputs have different values
  • The output is 0 if the inputs have the same value

Boolean Algebra

  • Boolean algebra uses binary values (True/False or 0/1)

  • The circuits used in computers are built around two-state operations

  • The circuits are called logic circuits

  • The basic operators in Boolean algebra are:

    • OR (logical addition)
    • AND (logical multiplication)
    • NOT (logical negation)

K-Map Simplification

  • K-maps can be used for simplifying logic expressions

Combinational Circuits

  • Combinational logic circuits have outputs that depend on the combination of the inputs at any given time
  • Multiplexers, de-multiplexers, encoders, and decoders are types of combinational circuits

Multiplexers

  • Multiplexers select one input from several inputs using select signals and transmit it to a single output line
  • Multiplexers are also known as data selectors

De-multiplexers

  • De-multiplexers take one input and transmit it to one of several outputs

Encoders

  • Encoders transform an active input signal into a coded output signal
  • Encoders perform the inverse operation of a decoder

Decoders

  • Decoders perform the inverse operation of a multiplexer
  • Decoders activate one specific output line based on the input combination

Flip-Flops

  • Flip-flops are the simplest types of sequential circuits, which use memory for storing one bit of information
  • Flip-flops are also known as bistable multivibrators, latches, or toggles

Types of Flip-Flops

  • S-R Flip-flop (Set/Reset)
  • D Flip-flop (Delay/Data)
  • J-K Flip-flop
  • T Flip-flop (Toggle)

Sequential Circuits

  • Sequential circuits remember past inputs and circuit state
  • Outputs from the system are fed back in as new inputs
  • Storage elements in sequential circuits are called memory

Synchronous Sequential Circuits

  • Flip-flops are used as state memory
  • Flip-flops receive inputs from combinational circuits and a clock signal

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Digital Logic Circuits PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the functions and principles of logic gates and multiplexers with this engaging quiz. Cover various topics including AND, OR, and NOT gates, as well as multiplexers and demultiplexers. Perfect for students in electronics or computer science.

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