Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who replaced police authorities as the principal instrument of local democratic accountability in November 2012?
Who replaced police authorities as the principal instrument of local democratic accountability in November 2012?
Police and Crime Commissioners are elected for a term of five years.
Police and Crime Commissioners are elected for a term of five years.
False (B)
What is one of the principal obligations of a Police and Crime Commissioner?
What is one of the principal obligations of a Police and Crime Commissioner?
To hold the chief constable to account.
The police and crime plan establishes the police and crime commissioner's objectives for __________.
The police and crime plan establishes the police and crime commissioner's objectives for __________.
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Match the following powers of the police and crime commissioner with their descriptions:
Match the following powers of the police and crime commissioner with their descriptions:
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What is one of the responsibilities of the Home Secretary regarding police and crime commissioners?
What is one of the responsibilities of the Home Secretary regarding police and crime commissioners?
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Crime and disorder reduction grants are part of the police and crime plan established by the chief constable.
Crime and disorder reduction grants are part of the police and crime plan established by the chief constable.
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When were the last elections for police and crime commissioners held?
When were the last elections for police and crime commissioners held?
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Which two main sources provide funding for Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs)?
Which two main sources provide funding for Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs)?
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Police and Crime Commissioners must consult with local citizens but not with chief constables while establishing a police and crime plan.
Police and Crime Commissioners must consult with local citizens but not with chief constables while establishing a police and crime plan.
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What is the first PCC to take on governance of a fire and rescue service?
What is the first PCC to take on governance of a fire and rescue service?
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PCCs are required to publish _____ reports on their work and progress.
PCCs are required to publish _____ reports on their work and progress.
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Match the following locations with their specific governance structures related to policing:
Match the following locations with their specific governance structures related to policing:
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What must Police and Crime Commissioners do regarding local precept increases?
What must Police and Crime Commissioners do regarding local precept increases?
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The governance of the City of London is similar to that of Greater Manchester.
The governance of the City of London is similar to that of Greater Manchester.
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Which Act allowed PCCs to take responsibility for fire and rescue services?
Which Act allowed PCCs to take responsibility for fire and rescue services?
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PCCs can commission policing services from the chief constable or from other _____ in consultation with the chief constable.
PCCs can commission policing services from the chief constable or from other _____ in consultation with the chief constable.
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What is the role of Police and Crime Panels in relation to PCCs?
What is the role of Police and Crime Panels in relation to PCCs?
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Study Notes
Local Democratic Accountability for Policing
- From 1964 to 2012, police authorities handled local democratic accountability for policing.
- In November 2012, Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) replaced police authorities, becoming the primary local democratic accountability body.
- London, Manchester, and West Yorkshire have direct equivalents of PCCs within their mayors' offices.
- PCCs are elected for four-year terms. The most recent elections were in May 2021.
- PCCs are directly accountable to the Home Secretary for national policing policy and funding.
Principal Obligations of PCCs
- Setting the police force's budget.
- Ensuring police efficiency and effectiveness.
- Holding the chief constable accountable for their force.
- Developing a police and crime plan that the chief constable must consider.
Police and Crime Plans
- Outline PCC objectives for policing, crime reduction, and national/international obligations over a four-year period.
- Detail the policing services the chief constable will provide.
- Detail the funding the PCC will provide to the chief constable.
- Describe how the chief constable will report on policing delivery.
- Specify how to measure the chief constable's performance.
- Indicate crime and disorder reduction grants and their conditions.
Principal Powers of PCCs
- Appointing, reappointing, and dismissing the chief constable.
- Determining the police force's budget.
- Setting local police priorities through a police and crime plan.
- Consult with the chief constable and local police and crime panel before establishing a plan.
- Engage local people, including crime victims, and publish the plan.
Publicity and Reporting
- Publish information crucial for the public to evaluate PCC and police force performance.
- Publish annual reports detailing work progress in achieving police and crime objectives.
Funding for PCCs
- Funding comes from central government and local precept (part of council tax).
- Local precept is subject to referendums if rises exceed government thresholds.
Working with Chief Constables
- PCCs appoint and can dismiss chief constables, but chief constables appoint other officers.
- PCCs can commission policing services and other providers, detailed in the plan, including their objectives and funding information.
- PCCs can require chief constable reports on functions at any time.
Fire and Rescue Services
- The Policing and Crime Act 2017 enables PCCs to oversee local fire and rescue services.
- PCCs can take on control of a service following a local case and approval from the Home Secretary.
- Collaboration is mandated among police, fire, and ambulance services where beneficial to efficiency and effectiveness.
Regional Variations & Specific Cases
- Wales mirrors English PCC arrangements, but considers Welsh devolution.
- London, Manchester, and West Yorkshire have elected mayors with policing oversight.
- The City of London utilizes a non-party political governance structure through its Lord Mayor.
HMICFRS and PCCs (not clearly defined in provided text)
- It was not clearly defined how or what HMICFRS does in relation to PCCs and Mayor's Offices for Police.
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Description
This quiz explores the evolution of local democratic accountability in policing, focusing on the role of Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) since their introduction in 2012. It covers the obligations of PCCs, including budgeting and accountability, as well as the importance of police and crime plans. Test your knowledge on this essential aspect of policing governance.
