Local Area Networking Technology Quiz

A communication network that spans a large geographical area, using point-to-point links and satellite networks for connectivity.

The earliest packet radio network access method, where stations can transmit at any time, leading to high chances of collisions.

A method to improve Pure ALOHA by dividing time into slots. Stations can only transmit at the beginning of a slot, reducing collisions.

A method to minimize collisions in data transmission, where a station listens for activity before transmitting, allowing for communication if the medium is free.

Time taken for a signal to travel from one point to another in a network.

When two or more stations transmit data at the same time, leading to data corruption.

A strategy used in CSMA where a station waits for a random amount of time after a collision before attempting to transmit again, reducing the chance of repeated collisions.

A measurement of how efficiently a network communication channel is utilized. In Pure ALOHA, the maximum utilization is about 18% due to collisions.

A data communication network connecting users within a limited area, often using high speed connections like 10 mbps to gigabits per second.

A single communication medium, typically a cable, that multiple computers connect to, allowing them to share data and resources.

Sharing a single medium for communication allows for cost reduction, but it also requires coordination and rules to manage access, preventing devices from interfering with each other.

LANs function at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model, handling low-level details like encoding data, transmitting bits, and managing access to the shared channel.

While LANs use specific protocols for the physical and data link layers, they can utilize higher level protocols (layer 3 and above) designed for different network types, like MANs or WANs.

The IEEE 802 reference model describes a simplified model of network architecture, focusing on the physical and data link layers, which are critical for LANs.

At the lowest level of the IEEE 802 model, the physical layer handles the physical transmission of data bits, including encoding, synchronization signals, and bit-by-bit transmission.

The data link layer handles functions like assembling data into frames (packages), adding addresses and error detection information, disassembling frames on reception, and managing access to the shared communication channel.

A network access method where a station senses the line and sends data only if it's idle. If the line is busy, it waits a random amount of time before attempting to send again. This helps reduce collisions but can lead to network inefficiency and longer delays.

A network access method where a station senses the line and sends data if it's idle. If the line is busy, it continues to listen. This method improves efficiency compared to non-persistent CSMA by reducing the chance of collisions.

A variation of persistent CSMA where a station sends data with a probability 'p' when the line is idle. The probability 'p' determines how often the station attempts to send, with higher 'p' increasing the chance of sending but also increasing the risk of collisions.

A network access method that combines CSMA with collision detection. If a collision is detected, the station waits a random amount of time before re-transmitting. The waiting time increases with each subsequent collision, helping to prevent persistent collisions.

When a collision is detected in CSMA/CD, a jamming signal is sent to alert other stations and discard any data that was received during the collision.

A network access method that combines CSMA with collision avoidance. It uses a combination of persistent strategies, interframe gaps, and random backoff times to minimize the chance of collisions.

A network access method where stations take turns sending data by passing a special frame called a token. The station holding the token is the only one allowed to send data, ensuring that only one station transmits at a time, preventing collisions.

A unique identifier for a network interface card (NIC) burned onto its ROM during manufacturing. It's a 6-byte hexadecimal address that's permanent.

A type of network address that is transmitted to a single destination device. It's like sending mail to a specific person.

A type of network address that is transmitted to multiple destinations simultaneously. It's like sending an email to a group.

A type of network address that is sent to all devices on a network. It's like sending a message to everyone in the room.

A type of Ethernet cabling that uses twisted-pair wire and supports a speed of 10 Mbps. It's commonly used for shorter distances, up to 100 meters.

A type of Ethernet cabling that uses fiber optic cable and supports a speed of 10 Mbps. It's often used for longer distances, up to 2 kilometers.

A device used to connect multiple devices on a network. It's a simple device that broadcasts data to all connected devices, regardless of its intended destination.

A method of dividing a large network into smaller segments. It's used to reduce network traffic congestion and improve performance by limiting the number of devices contending for network access.

A bit sequence that circulates around a ring network, allowing nodes to transmit data. It exists in two states: free (01111110) when no transmission is happening and busy (01111111) when a node is transmitting.

A method used in Ethernet to prevent data collisions, where nodes listen for traffic before sending, but if a collision occurs, they wait a random time before trying again.

A data packet that contains information about the source and destination nodes, as well as the data itself. In Ethernet, it has several fields, including preamble, SFD, destination MAC address, source MAC address, type, data, and CRC.

The smallest and largest allowable sizes of an Ethernet frame without the preamble and SFD, ensuring consistent data transmission.

Used to fill in the gap when a data packet size is smaller than the minimum Ethernet frame length, ensuring consistency in frame size.

A network technology where data packets are transferred in a circular manner using a "token" to control access, preventing collisions and ensuring orderly communication.

A network technology that uses a contention-based access method where devices compete for access to the network, leading to potential collisions.

A type of network access method where the order of access is predetermined and predictable, reducing the chance of collisions.

A type of network access method where access is not guaranteed and devices compete for network resources, leading to potential collisions.