Untitled Quiz

Restricting sodium intake can help manage fluid retention and excess volume in the body.

Diuretics and fluid restriction are the primary therapies.

It indicates a dehydration state or a FVD where the ratio is typically 10:1.

<p>A specific gravity above 1.020 indicates concentrated urine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excess fluid volume related to increased water retention and impaired gas exchange related to pulmonary edema.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypovolemic shock is a potential complication.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intake includes oral, IV, tube feedings, while output includes urine, perspiration, and drainage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Edema may indicate impaired skin integrity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clinical manifestations of hypervolemia include pulmonary rales, jugular venous distention, peripheral edema, and ascites.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Monitoring fluid intake and output is crucial for assessing the patient's fluid volume status and preventing complications associated with fluid overload or dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nurses can observe skin turgor and the patient's level of consciousness to identify possible dehydration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Patients with hyponatremia should consume high sodium foods such as milk, meat, eggs, carrots, beets, and celery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nurses should take seizure precautions, including ensuring a quiet environment, keeping the bed in a low locked position, and having the nurse call within reach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changes in respiratory rate and depth may indicate pulmonary edema in these patients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nurses can monitor serum sodium levels regularly and observe for improvement in clinical signs and symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nurses should identify potential causes such as sodium loss or fluid excess as underlying factors contributing to hyponatremia.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiovascular changes indicating fluid volume excess include a full, bounding pulse, distended neck veins, and increased blood pressure. These changes suggest that the patient is at risk for complications such as heart failure and pulmonary edema.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In mild to moderate fluid volume deficit, compensatory mechanisms such as sympathetic nervous system stimulation increase heart rate and peripheral vasoconstriction maintain blood pressure. This response helps preserve perfusion to vital organs despite the deficit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fluid excess can lead to pulmonary congestion and edema, resulting in increased hydrostatic pressure that forces fluid into the alveoli. Patients may experience shortness of breath and moist crackles upon auscultation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe fluid volume deficits can cause alterations in sensorium due to reduced cerebral tissue perfusion, which may manifest as confusion or decreased level of consciousness. Additionally, a weak, thready pulse and flattened neck veins may accompany these changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Daily weights should be recorded to assess fluid status; an increase indicates fluid retention, while a decrease may signify fluid loss. Monitoring weight helps guide treatment decisions and ensure appropriate management of fluid imbalances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Changing from lying to sitting or standing can elicit an increase in heart rate or a decrease in blood pressure, indicating orthostatic hypotension. These changes reflect the body's attempt to compensate for fluid volume deficit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Jugular venous distention signifies increased central venous pressure and is an indication of fluid overload. Nurses should monitor this sign closely to manage potential complications, including heart failure and pulmonary congestion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collaborative management strategies include monitoring intake and output, daily weights, administering diuretics for fluid excess, and administering fluids or electrolyte replacements for deficits. Interdisciplinary teamwork ensures comprehensive care for patients with imbalances.</p> Signup and view all the answers