30 Questions
When the liver breaks down glycogen, what is released into the bloodstream?
Glucose
What is the primary function of lipoproteins synthesized by hepatocytes?
To transport fatty acids, triglycerids, and cholesterol to body cells
What is the process by which the liver converts amino acids, lactic acid, and glycerol to glucose?
Gluconeogenesis
When blood glucose levels are high, what does the liver convert glucose to?
Glycogen and triglycerids
What is the role of the liver in maintaining normal blood glucose levels?
To break down glycogen and release glucose into the bloodstream
What is the function of hepatocytes in lipid metabolism?
To synthesize and store triglycerids and cholesterol
What is the primary function of bile in the duodenum?
To neutralize the gastric acid
Which ducts merge to form the common hepatic duct?
Right and left hepatic ducts
What is the primary function of the sphincter of Oddi?
To control the flow of bile into the duodenum
What is the origin of primary bile acids?
They are synthesized by the liver from cholesterol
What is the composition of bile?
Water, bile pigments, bile salts, and lecithin
What is the pathway of bile from the hepatocytes to the duodenum?
Hepatocytes → canaliculi → bile ductules → bile ducts → duodenum
What is the primary function of the liver?
Secretion of bile
What is the approximate weight of the liver in an average adult?
1.4 kg
What is the name of the system that includes the liver, gallbladder, and bile ducts?
Hepatobiliary system
What is the location of the liver in the abdominal cavity?
Below the diaphragm, on the right side of the body
What is the term for the yellowish pigment produced during the breakdown of hemoglobin?
Bilirubin
What is the term for the condition characterized by a yellowish discoloration of the skin and eyes?
Jaundice
What is the main function of the space of Disse?
To facilitate the exchange of oxygen and nutrients between sinusoids and hepatocytes
What is the primary source of oxygenated blood for the liver?
Hepatic artery
What is the pH range of bile secreted by hepatocytes?
7.6-8.6
What is the primary function of Kupffer cells in the liver?
To act as macrophages and kill bacteria through phagocytosis
What is the estimated daily volume of bile secretion by hepatocytes?
1 liter
What is the main function of the liver in terms of blood circulation?
To filter the blood and remove potentially harmful substances
What is the primary function of the liver in terms of detoxification of blood?
Acting as a filter to clear the blood through phagocytosis and chemical modification
What is the characteristic of bilirubin in obstructive jaundice?
It is water-soluble and appears in the urine
What is the effect of obstructive jaundice on the stools?
They become light-colored
What is the role of Kupffer cells in the liver?
To undergo phagocytosis
What is the result of the conversion of ammonia to urea in the liver?
Production of less toxic substances
What is the function of corticosteroid-binding globulin synthesized by the liver?
To transport corticosteroids
Test your knowledge of the liver's anatomy and functions, including its structure, blood supply, and role in digestion. This quiz covers the composition of bile, the biliary system, and the functions of the gallbladder.
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