Podcast
Questions and Answers
In patients with end-stage liver disease, what happens to the concentration of urea and ammonia in plasma?
In patients with end-stage liver disease, what happens to the concentration of urea and ammonia in plasma?
- Both urea and ammonia concentrations increase.
- Urea concentration decreases, and ammonia concentration increases. (correct)
- Urea concentration increases, and ammonia concentration decreases.
- Both urea and ammonia concentrations decrease.
A patient presents with jaundice and elevated levels of both direct and indirect bilirubin. Which of the following conditions is the MOST likely cause?
A patient presents with jaundice and elevated levels of both direct and indirect bilirubin. Which of the following conditions is the MOST likely cause?
- Gilbert's syndrome
- Post-hepatic jaundice due to gallstones
- Hepatic jaundice due to viral hepatitis (correct)
- Pre-hepatic jaundice due to hemolytic anemia
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the liver?
Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the liver?
- Synthesis of plasma proteins
- Detoxification of ammonia to urea
- Secretion of insulin (correct)
- Production of bile salts
A patient's lab results show a significant increase in Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, with only a slight increase in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT). Which condition is MOST likely?
A patient's lab results show a significant increase in Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) levels, with only a slight increase in Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT). Which condition is MOST likely?
In which type of jaundice would you expect to find a normal level of urobilinogen in the urine?
In which type of jaundice would you expect to find a normal level of urobilinogen in the urine?
What is the role of the reticuloendothelial system in bilirubin metabolism?
What is the role of the reticuloendothelial system in bilirubin metabolism?
Which of the following enzymes involved in liver function is MOST specific for hepatocellular damage?
Which of the following enzymes involved in liver function is MOST specific for hepatocellular damage?
A patient with a genetic defect has a deficiency in the enzyme needed to conjugate bilirubin. Which form of bilirubin would be elevated in their blood?
A patient with a genetic defect has a deficiency in the enzyme needed to conjugate bilirubin. Which form of bilirubin would be elevated in their blood?
Which of the following vitamins are stored in the liver?
Which of the following vitamins are stored in the liver?
In the context of liver function, what is the significance of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
In the context of liver function, what is the significance of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)?
Flashcards
What is Bilirubin?
What is Bilirubin?
Orange-yellow pigment from RBC turnover; extracted and biotransformed in the liver, then excreted in bile and urine.
What is pre-hepatic jaundice?
What is pre-hepatic jaundice?
Results from excessive bilirubin presented to the liver, characterized by unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
What is Hepatic Jaundice?
What is Hepatic Jaundice?
Occurs due to intrinsic liver defect/disease affecting bilirubin metabolism or transport.
What is Post-hepatic jaundice?
What is Post-hepatic jaundice?
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When is indirect bilirubin increased?
When is indirect bilirubin increased?
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When is direct bilirubin increased?
When is direct bilirubin increased?
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What are the 4 types of bile acids?
What are the 4 types of bile acids?
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What causes disturbances in bile acid metabolism?
What causes disturbances in bile acid metabolism?
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How does ALT work?
How does ALT work?
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What is Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)?
What is Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)?
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