30 Questions
What is the primary function of Kupffer cells in the liver?
To phagocytose bacteria from the portal system
What is the term for the process of breaking down glycogen to obtain glucose?
Glycogenolysis
What is the primary source of glucose for the liver's metabolic functions?
Glycogen stored in the liver
What is the result of hepatic blood purification by Kupffer cells?
Hepatic venous blood becomes sterile
What is the role of hepatic stellate cells in the liver?
To store vitamin A
What is impaired in the liver when it is diseased (accumulation of fat, inflammation, or fibrosis)?
Liver regeneration
What is the functional unit of the liver?
Acinus
What is the main function of the fenestrations in the endothelial lining of the hepatic sinusoids?
To allow macromolecules to pass directly for absorption by hepatocytes
What type of cells reside in the Disse space?
Kupffer cells and Stellate cells
What is the consequence of fibrosis in the liver?
Collection of lymph in the abdomen, high pressure, accumulation of liquid and ascites
What is the main function of the hepatic sinusoids?
To allow macromolecules to pass directly for absorption by hepatocytes
What is the percentage of body weight composed of the liver?
2%
What is the primary reason for the development of ascites in cirrhotic patients?
Increased hydrostatic pressure in the portal vein
What is the consequence of hypersplenism in cirrhotic patients?
Increased risk of bleeding due to platelet depletion
What is the primary function of the collateral system in cirrhotic patients?
To bypass the liver and reduce portal pressure
What is the role of growth factors in liver regeneration?
To stimulate the proliferation of mature hepatocytes and promote liver regeneration
What is the term for the regulation of liver size to meet the individual's hepatic functions?
Hepatostat
What is the primary cell type responsible for liver regeneration?
Mature hepatocytes
Which coagulation factor is most crucial?
Factor V
What is the primary function of cytochromes P450 in the liver?
Detoxification of xenobiotics
Which zone of the liver has a higher concentration of oxygen and is more involved in gluconeogenesis?
Zone 1 (peripheral zone)
What is the primary substance responsible for the yellowish coloration of skin and mucous membranes in jaundice?
Bilirubin
Which of the following vitamins is essential for the synthesis of certain coagulation factors?
Vitamin K
What is the primary function of the liver in the detoxification process?
Transformation and modification of hormones and toxins
What percentage of the total cardiac output is supplied to the liver?
27%
What is the normal pressure gradient between the portal and suprahepatic veins in a healthy liver?
5-9 mmHg
What is the consequence of increased liver stiffness due to cirrhosis?
Increased portal hypertension
What is the primary function of Kupffer cells during liver damage?
To generate fiber for liver repair
What is the term for the blood flow from the stomach and intestines seeking a path of lesser resistance due to portal hypertension?
Collateral circulation
What is the most critical location for varices to occur due to portal hypertension?
Esophagus
Learn about the impact of liver disease on regeneration, and the role of Kupffer cells in protecting the liver from bacterial products. This quiz covers the liver's response to fat accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis.
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