Liver Disease and Regeneration
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of Kupffer cells in the liver?

  • To phagocytose bacteria from the portal system (correct)
  • To synthesize glucose from amino acids
  • To regulate carbohydrate metabolism
  • To store vitamin A

    • What is the term for the process of breaking down glycogen to obtain glucose?

  • Glycogenesis
  • Glycogenolysis (correct)
  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Glycolysis

    • What is the primary source of glucose for the liver's metabolic functions?

  • Gluconeogenesis
  • Portal blood
  • Hepatic venous blood
  • Glycogen stored in the liver (correct)

    • What is the result of hepatic blood purification by Kupffer cells?

    <p>Hepatic venous blood becomes sterile (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hepatic stellate cells in the liver?

    <p>To store vitamin A (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is impaired in the liver when it is diseased (accumulation of fat, inflammation, or fibrosis)?

    <p>Liver regeneration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the functional unit of the liver?

    <p>Acinus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the fenestrations in the endothelial lining of the hepatic sinusoids?

    <p>To allow macromolecules to pass directly for absorption by hepatocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells reside in the Disse space?

    <p>Kupffer cells and Stellate cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of fibrosis in the liver?

    <p>Collection of lymph in the abdomen, high pressure, accumulation of liquid and ascites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the hepatic sinusoids?

    <p>To allow macromolecules to pass directly for absorption by hepatocytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of body weight composed of the liver?

    <p>2% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the development of ascites in cirrhotic patients?

    <p>Increased hydrostatic pressure in the portal vein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of hypersplenism in cirrhotic patients?

    <p>Increased risk of bleeding due to platelet depletion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the collateral system in cirrhotic patients?

    <p>To bypass the liver and reduce portal pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of growth factors in liver regeneration?

    <p>To stimulate the proliferation of mature hepatocytes and promote liver regeneration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the regulation of liver size to meet the individual's hepatic functions?

    <p>Hepatostat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cell type responsible for liver regeneration?

    <p>Mature hepatocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which coagulation factor is most crucial?

    <p>Factor V (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cytochromes P450 in the liver?

    <p>Detoxification of xenobiotics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which zone of the liver has a higher concentration of oxygen and is more involved in gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Zone 1 (peripheral zone) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary substance responsible for the yellowish coloration of skin and mucous membranes in jaundice?

    <p>Bilirubin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following vitamins is essential for the synthesis of certain coagulation factors?

    <p>Vitamin K (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the liver in the detoxification process?

    <p>Transformation and modification of hormones and toxins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the total cardiac output is supplied to the liver?

    <p>27% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal pressure gradient between the portal and suprahepatic veins in a healthy liver?

    <p>5-9 mmHg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of increased liver stiffness due to cirrhosis?

    <p>Increased portal hypertension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Kupffer cells during liver damage?

    <p>To generate fiber for liver repair (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the blood flow from the stomach and intestines seeking a path of lesser resistance due to portal hypertension?

    <p>Collateral circulation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most critical location for varices to occur due to portal hypertension?

    <p>Esophagus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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