Literature Review & Primary Sources
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of a literature review?

Establish a theoretical framework, define key terms, identify supporting studies, and establish the area of study.

What is a primary source?

An account of a research study written by the original investigators.

What is a secondary source?

A summary or description of a research study written by someone other than the study investigators.

What is grey literature?

<p>Research that has not been commercially published.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a quantitative study, when is the literature review done?

<p>Before conducting a study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a qualitative study, when is the literature review used?

<p>After conducting a study.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are abstracts?

<p>Brief summaries of articles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are indexes?

<p>Reference materials on periodicals and books.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a theory?

<p>A set of concepts that describes or explains phenomena in a systematic way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theories are facts.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a propositional statement?

<p>Shows the relationship between concepts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concept?

<p>The building blocks of a theory; a word, picture, or mental idea of a phenomenon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of a concept?

<p>Time, knowledge, steam, food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a construct?

<p>Words used to describe phenomena that cannot be directly observed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Bacteria causes disease' is an example of what?

<p>Propositional statement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is empirical generalization?

<p>When a similar pattern of events is found in the empirical data of multiple studies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a model?

<p>A symbolic representation of some phenomenon or phenomena.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a paradigm?

<p>How you view the world; a philosophical worldview that shapes decisions and practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a metaparadigm?

<p>What a certain group of people holds to be true; a core set of concepts and constructs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deductive reasoning?

<p>Moves from general to specific.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Deductive reasoning is used in what type of research?

<p>Quantitative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is inductive reasoning?

<p>Moves from specific to general.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Inductive reasoning is used in ___________ research.

<p>Qualitative.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a theoretical framework?

<p>A broad general explanation showing relationships between concepts based on one existing theory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is a conceptual framework used?

<p>When no existing theory fits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A conceptual framework helps (explain/show) relationships between concepts.

<p>Explain.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a conceptual framework?

<p>Develops when no existing theory fits; helps explain relationships between concepts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is positivism?

<p>A worldview that the truth about a phenomenon can be discovered through the scientific method.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is postpositivism?

<p>The belief that absolute truth or universal experience of reality does not exist.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Literature Review

  • Establishes a theoretical framework for a research topic.
  • Defines key terms, terminology, and important definitions.
  • Identifies supportive studies, models, and case studies.
  • Clarifies and defines the specific area of study.

Primary and Secondary Sources

  • Primary source: Original accounts of research written by investigators.
  • Secondary source: Summaries or descriptions of research studies authored by others.

Grey Literature

  • Refers to research that has not been commercially published.

Timing of Literature Review

  • Quantitative studies require a literature review before the study to identify guiding frameworks.
  • Qualitative studies utilize a literature review after conducting the study to relate findings to existing knowledge.

Abstracts and Indexes

  • Abstracts consist of brief summaries of articles.
  • Indexes serve as reference materials for periodicals and books.

Theory and Concepts

  • A theory is a systematic set of concepts explaining phenomena.
  • Theories are speculative and never considered proven.
  • Propositional statements express relationships between concepts, e.g., "Drilling for oil caused dinosaurs to become extinct."
  • Concepts are the building blocks of theories, encompassing ideas that can be abstract or concrete.

Constructs

  • Constructs describe phenomena that cannot be directly observed, like compassion and mental health.

Empirical Generalization

  • Identifies similar patterns found in data across multiple studies.

Models and Paradigms

  • A model symbolically represents phenomena.
  • A paradigm reflects one’s philosophical worldview affecting decisions and practices.

Metaparadigm

  • Refers to core concepts and constructs defining a discipline and believed to be true by a group.

Reasoning Types

  • Deductive reasoning: Moves from general to specific (used in quantitative research).
  • Inductive reasoning: Moves from specific to general (used in qualitative research).

Frameworks

  • A theoretical framework provides a broad explanation showing relationships based on an existing theory.
  • A conceptual framework is developed when no existing theory fits and helps explain relationships based on multiple theories.

Philosophical Perspectives

  • Positivism: Asserts that truth can be discovered through the scientific method, emphasizing observation and quantitative analysis.
  • Postpositivism: Rejects the notion of absolute truth, acknowledging varying human perspectives and experiences of reality.

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Description

Explore the essential components of a literature review and the importance of primary sources in research. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of how literature reviews are constructed and what qualifies as a primary source in scholarly work.

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