Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of a literature review?
Establish a theoretical framework, define key terms, identify supporting studies, and establish the area of study.
What is a primary source?
An account of a research study written by the original investigators.
What is a secondary source?
A summary or description of a research study written by someone other than the study investigators.
What is grey literature?
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For a quantitative study, when is the literature review done?
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For a qualitative study, when is the literature review used?
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What are abstracts?
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What are indexes?
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What is a theory?
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Theories are facts.
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What is a propositional statement?
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What is a concept?
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What are examples of a concept?
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What is a construct?
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'Bacteria causes disease' is an example of what?
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What is empirical generalization?
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What is a model?
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What is a paradigm?
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What is a metaparadigm?
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What is deductive reasoning?
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Deductive reasoning is used in what type of research?
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What is inductive reasoning?
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Inductive reasoning is used in ___________ research.
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What is a theoretical framework?
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When is a conceptual framework used?
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A conceptual framework helps (explain/show) relationships between concepts.
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What is a conceptual framework?
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What is positivism?
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What is postpositivism?
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Study Notes
Literature Review
- Establishes a theoretical framework for a research topic.
- Defines key terms, terminology, and important definitions.
- Identifies supportive studies, models, and case studies.
- Clarifies and defines the specific area of study.
Primary and Secondary Sources
- Primary source: Original accounts of research written by investigators.
- Secondary source: Summaries or descriptions of research studies authored by others.
Grey Literature
- Refers to research that has not been commercially published.
Timing of Literature Review
- Quantitative studies require a literature review before the study to identify guiding frameworks.
- Qualitative studies utilize a literature review after conducting the study to relate findings to existing knowledge.
Abstracts and Indexes
- Abstracts consist of brief summaries of articles.
- Indexes serve as reference materials for periodicals and books.
Theory and Concepts
- A theory is a systematic set of concepts explaining phenomena.
- Theories are speculative and never considered proven.
- Propositional statements express relationships between concepts, e.g., "Drilling for oil caused dinosaurs to become extinct."
- Concepts are the building blocks of theories, encompassing ideas that can be abstract or concrete.
Constructs
- Constructs describe phenomena that cannot be directly observed, like compassion and mental health.
Empirical Generalization
- Identifies similar patterns found in data across multiple studies.
Models and Paradigms
- A model symbolically represents phenomena.
- A paradigm reflects one’s philosophical worldview affecting decisions and practices.
Metaparadigm
- Refers to core concepts and constructs defining a discipline and believed to be true by a group.
Reasoning Types
- Deductive reasoning: Moves from general to specific (used in quantitative research).
- Inductive reasoning: Moves from specific to general (used in qualitative research).
Frameworks
- A theoretical framework provides a broad explanation showing relationships based on an existing theory.
- A conceptual framework is developed when no existing theory fits and helps explain relationships based on multiple theories.
Philosophical Perspectives
- Positivism: Asserts that truth can be discovered through the scientific method, emphasizing observation and quantitative analysis.
- Postpositivism: Rejects the notion of absolute truth, acknowledging varying human perspectives and experiences of reality.
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Description
Explore the essential components of a literature review and the importance of primary sources in research. This quiz will help reinforce your understanding of how literature reviews are constructed and what qualifies as a primary source in scholarly work.
